Polarity in cells results from the asymmetric nature and structural orientation of the cytoskeletal filaments. Of the three cytoskeletal filaments, microfilaments and microtubules are made up of asymmetric protein monomers. G-Actin, the monomer of microfilaments, has a globular structure with two distinct domains. When actin polymerizes, all the subunits orient in the same direction, resulting in the filament having two ends, the plus, and the minus. The polymerization rates at the two ends are different, further contributing to the filament's polarity. The building blocks of microtubules are the alpha-beta-tubulin dimers. Like actin filaments, these dimers are uniformly oriented. The minus end has the free alpha-tubulins, and the plus end has free beta-tubulins. The polarity of cytoskeletal filaments controls the directional movement of motor proteins like kinesin and dynein, carrying cargos and vesicles within the cell. During processes like phagocytosis and cell movement, these filaments are rearranged to determine the direction of motion