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Medicina

人間の神経筋システムを研究するために経頭蓋磁気刺激の活用

Published: January 20, 2012
doi:
10.3791/3387
, ,
1Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) and the Department of Biomedical Sciences,Ohio University

Summary

経頭蓋磁気刺激（TMS）は、ヒトの神経系の生理学と機能に洞察力を得るために非侵襲的なツールです。ここでは、上肢と腰部の筋肉組織の皮質興奮性を研究するために私たちのTMSのテクニックを紹介。

Abstract

経頭蓋磁気刺激（TMS）は20年以上1のために使用されていて、過去10年間で人気が急激に成長している。 TMSの使用はこの期間中に多くのシステムやプロセスの研究に拡大しているが、元のアプリケーションと、おそらくTMSの最も一般的な用途の一つは、人間の神経系の生理学、可塑性と機能を研究することを含んでいます。運動皮質に適用される単一パルスのTMSは、錐体ニューロン経シナプス的に2（図1）とヒトの3の皮質脊髄路の完全性と興奮性を研究し、評価するために使用できる測定可能な筋電図反応の結果を興奮させる。また、磁気刺激の最近の進歩は、現在4,5皮質対脊髄興奮性のパーティショニングが可能になります。例えば、ペアパルスTMSは、条件を組み合わせることにより、皮質内facilitatoryと阻害特性を評価するために使用することができます。異なるinterstimulus間隔3,4,6-8でINGの刺激とテスト刺激。このビデオの記事では、これらの技術の方法論と技術的側面を紹介します。橈側手根屈筋（FCR）の筋肉だけでなく、脊柱起立筋（ES）の筋肉組織に適用されるよう具体的には、単一パルスとペアパルスのTMSのテクニックのデモンストレーションを行います。それが減らされた筋肉のパフォーマンス6,9で手首手のギプス固定の影響に関する研究に興味がある、そしてそれは腰痛に関連する我々はこれらの筋肉のためにESの筋肉の臨床的意義を研究するように当研究室では、FCRの筋肉を研究8。これは記載して、我々は、TMSが手、腕と脚の多くの筋肉を研究するために使用されていることに注意してください、とFCRとESの筋肉群における私たちのデモが唯一の人間の神経筋を研究するために使用されているTMSの例を選択されていることを反復してくださいシステム。

Protocol

1。 FCRとES筋肉のシングルとペア、パルスTMS 基本的な安全上のご注意：以前は、人間の被験者で行うTMSには、磁界への曝露に関連するとして、最初に基本的な安全上の注意のためにそれらをスクリーニングする必要があります。私たちのラボでは、磁気共鳴の安全、教育研究10の研究所が定めたスクリーニングのガイドラインに従ってください。私たちのラボで?…

Discussion

この記事の全体的な目標は、我々の研究室の視覚的なアカウントは、経頭蓋磁気刺激を使用する科学者や臨床医に提供することです。しかし、これらの実験の可視化を提供することに加えて、以下の我々は、この方法でTMSを実行する際に考慮する基本的な問題について説明TMS応答の生理学の簡単な概要を提供し、またの利用に関してとTMSの私達の使用について説明他人。

?…

Divulgazioni

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

この作品は、オステオパシーヘリテージ財団からBCクラークへの助成金によって一部で賄われていた。我々は、特別な数字のグラフィックスの多くを作成するには、彼女の援助のためにマリッサマッギンリーにあなたに感謝表明したいと思います。

Materials

Name of the Equipment Company Catalogue number Comments (optional)
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator 2002
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator Bi-Stim2
Figure-Eight 70-mm coil
Double Cone Coil		 The Magstim Company NA TMS equipment (including coils)
Biodex System 4 Biodex NA Dynamometer
Biopac MP150 Data Acquisition System Biopac MP150WSW A-D converter for EMG and force
AcqKnowledge 4.0 Data acquisition software Biopac ACK100W  
Nikomed Trace 1 ECG electrodes Nikomed 2015 EMG electrodes
Constant Current Stimulator Digitimer DS7A Peripheral nerve stimulator
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Tags

Transcranial Magnetic StimulationTMSHuman Neuromuscular SystemPyramidal NeuronsElectromyographic ResponseCorticospinal TractIntracortical Facilitatory And Inhibitory PropertiesFlexor Carpi RadialisErector SpinaeWrist-hand Cast Immobilization
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Goss, D. A., Hoffman, R. L., Clark, B. C. Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System. J. Vis. Exp. (59), e3387, doi:10.3791/3387 (2012).
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