単離、特徴付けおよび歯肉免疫細胞ネットワークの機能検討
Summary
我々は、分離、表現型の特徴およびマウス歯肉からの免疫細胞の機能解析のための手法を確立しました。
Abstract
Immune cell networks in tissues play a vital role in mediating local immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis, yet little is known of the resident immune cell populations in the oral mucosa and gingiva. We have established a technique for the isolation and study of immune cells from murine gingival tissues, an area of constant microbial exposure and a vulnerable site to a common inflammatory disease, periodontitis. Our protocol allows for a detailed phenotypic characterization of the immune cell populations resident in the gingiva, even at steady state. Our procedure also yields sufficient cells with high viability for use in functional studies, such as the assessment of cytokine secretion ex vivo. This combination of phenotypic and functional characterization of the gingival immune cell network should aid towards investigating the mechanisms involved in oral immunity and periodontal homeostasis, but will also advance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in local immunopathology.
Introduction
歯肉組織は、ヒトおよびマウスの歯列を囲み、常に歯 1の複雑なバイオフィルムにさらされています。歯肉障壁をポリシング免疫細胞ネットワークは、組織の完全性を維持するローカル共生微生物に恒常性を確保し、同時に、病原性のチャレンジ2に対して有効な免疫を提供するために不可欠です。恒常性を達成するために、免疫系を注意深くまだ少し詳細は歯肉の免疫細胞集団および組織免疫2の維持における役割の知られている高度に特化した免疫細胞ネットワークを作成歯肉環境に合わせて調整されます。
免疫恒常性が歯肉に破壊される場合には、いずれかの増加ホスト感受性および/ またはdysbiotic微生物群集、炎症状態の存在を通して、歯周炎は、3〜4を発生します。歯周炎は、歯の喪失につながる、一般的な炎症性疾患でありますupporting構造。その重篤な形態では、一般集団5の約10％に見られます。歯周炎感受性および進行に関与する重要な要因を解剖すると6困難であることが判明しました。しかし、動物モデルは、歯周炎の開始および進行7のメカニズムを理解する上で極めて有用でした。モデルは、免疫ホメオスタシスおよび歯周炎の駆動開発を維持するために不可欠な重要な細胞集団および分子メディエーターを定義するために使用することができます。このような洞察は、免疫恒常性の歯肉固有の制御の我々の理解を変換し、疾患の病因の我々の現在の理解を促進します。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
現在の技術では、成功した表現型の特徴付けのためだけでなく、ex vivoでの機能研究のためだけではなく、適切な（シングルマウスからの）免疫細胞の多数をもたらします。別のグループは、以前に分離し、マウスの歯肉の免疫細胞を特徴付けるためのプロトコルを公開し、動物モデル9における歯周炎の研究で、フローサイトメトリー多色を使用しての値を導入していました。…
Divulgazioni
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Authors were funded in part by the intramural program of NIDCR (N.M.M) and supported by a Wellcome Trust Stepping Stones Fellowship (097820/Z/11/B to J.E.K) and by a Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research grant (to J.E.K). The authors thank Teresa Wild for critically reviewing the manuscript.
Materials
| Fine Scissors | Fine science tools | 14058-11 | |
| Scalpel Handle #3 | Fine science tools | 10003-12 | |
| Scalpel Blades #10 | Fine science tools | 10010-00 | Sterile |
| Splinter Forceps | Integra Miltex | 6-304 | |
| Needles with regular bevel | BD Medical | 305109 | 27G, 12.7 mm length |
| Monoject syringes | Covidien | 8881513934 | Luer-lock tip, 3mL |
| PBS, pH 7.4 | Life Technologies | 10010-049 | Without Calcium and Magnesium |
| RPMI 1640 | Lonza | 12-167F | Without L-glutamine |
| DNase I from bovine pancreas | Sigma-Aldrich | DN25-1G | |
| Collagenase type IV | Gibco (by Life technologies) | 17104-019 | |
| Fetal Bovine Serum | Gemini Bio-products | 100-106 | |
| Gentamicin 50 mg/ml | Quality biological | 120-098-661EA | |
| Pen Strep | Gibco (by Life technologies) | 15140-122 | |
| L-Glutamine | Gibco (by Life technologies) | 25030-081 | |
| 0.5M EDTA pH 8.0 | Quality biological | 351-027-721EA | |
| 50 mL tubes | Corning | 352070 | Polypropylene, sterile |
| 70 μM Cell Strainers | Corning | 352350 | |
| Petri dishes | Corning | 351029 | Sterile |
| 5 mL FACS tubes | Corning | 352052 | Sterile |
| BD GolgiPlug | BD Biosciences | 555029 | Contains brefeldin A solution |
| Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) | Sigma-Aldrich | P8139 | |
| Ionomycin Calcium Salt | Sigma-Aldrich | 13909 | |
| Saponin from quillaja bark | Sigma-Aldrich | S4521 | |
| LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit | Life Technologies | L34957 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD45 Alexa Fluor 700 | eBioscience | 56-0451-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD4 eFluor 450 | eBioscience | 48-0042-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse TCR beta APC eFluor 780 | eBioscience | 47-5961-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse gamma delta TCR FITC | eBioscience | 11-5711-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse IL-17A APC | eBioscience | 12-7311-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse IFN-γ PE | eBioscience | 11-5931-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse NK1.1 PE-Cy7 | eBioscience | 25-5941-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD90.2 APC eFluor 780 | eBioscience | 47-0902-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD3e FITC | eBioscience | 11-0031-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD19 FITC | eBioscience | 11-0193-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD11b FITC | eBioscience | 11-0112-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse CD11c FITC | eBioscience | 11-0114-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse TCR beta FITC | eBioscience | 11-5961-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse Ly-6G FITC | eBioscience | 11-5931-82 | |
| Anti-Mouse Ly-6C FITC | BD Pharmingen | 553104 |
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