Summary

尽量减少小鼠肝内胰岛移植期间输注后门静脉出血

Published: May 10, 2021
doi:

Summary

在这里,我们介绍了在小鼠中成功进行门内胰岛移植的精细外科手术,这是一种临床相关但技术上具有挑战性的外科手术。

Abstract

虽然肝脏目前在临床环境中被接受为人类胰岛的主要移植部位,但在大多数啮齿动物临床前胰岛移植研究中,胰岛被移植到肾囊下。该模型是常用的,因为小鼠肝内胰岛移植在技术上具有挑战性,并且很大比例的小鼠可能死于手术并发症,特别是移植后注射部位的出血。在这项研究中,证明了两种可以最大限度地减少输注后门静脉出血发生率的程序。第一种方法将可吸收的止血明胶海绵应用于注射部位,第二种方法涉及首先穿透胰岛注射针穿过脂肪组织,然后通过使用脂肪组织作为物理屏障进入门静脉以止血。这两种方法都可以有效防止出血引起的小鼠死亡。介绍了胰岛分布和移植后胰岛血栓形成证据的整个肝脏切片,这是肝内胰岛移植的典型特征。这些改进的方案改进了肝内胰岛移植程序,并可能有助于实验室建立程序,以研究胰岛存活率和临床前功能。

Introduction

通过门静脉进行门静脉门内胰岛移植 (IIT) 是临床环境中最常用的人胰岛移植方法。小鼠IIT模型为研究胰岛移植和测试可以提高胰岛移植疗效的有希望的介入方法提供了很好的机会1。IIT在20世纪70年代首次被描述,并被几个团体使用12345。在20006年人类胰岛移植取得突破后,它重新流行起来,7然而,大多数胰岛移植研究使用肾胶囊作为实验性胰岛移植的首选部位,因为它很容易成功。相反,IIT在技术上更具挑战性,用于胰岛移植研究的频率较低89。然而,与IIT不同的是,移植在肾囊下的胰岛不会立即发生以血栓形成,炎症和肝组织缺血为特征的血液介导的炎症反应,因此比移植到肝脏中的胰岛具有更好的功能。因此,肾胶囊模型可能无法完全模仿胰岛移植中胰岛遇到的应激101112

小鼠IIT的主要并发症之一是移植后注射部位出血,这可能导致不同小鼠品系死亡率的10-30%12。在本文中,已经开发了两种改进的方法,以更快,更安全地止血并降低IIT后的小鼠死亡率。这些精致细节的视觉演示将帮助研究人员确定这一技术上具有挑战性的程序的关键步骤。此外,通过对含移植胰岛的苏木精和曙红(H&E)染色的肝组织(整个切片)的组织学检查来确定胰岛移植物在受体肝脏中的位置。

Protocol

所有程序均在南卡罗来纳医科大学和查尔斯顿拉尔夫·约翰逊医疗中心的机构动物护理和使用委员会的批准下进行。 1. 使用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病 受体小鼠制剂: 单独称量所有小鼠的体重。 使用血糖仪检查尾静脉血液样本中的血糖水平。 三种不同场景的 STZ 剂量测定: 对于患有脂肪肝疾病的小鼠,连续5天注射一剂STZ [40mg …

Representative Results

我们通过门静脉进行了同源和异种胰岛移植。在两种胰岛移植模型中都以剂量依赖性方式观察到胰岛移植物功能。在使用C57BL / 6小鼠的同源胰岛移植模型中,移植250个小岛导致小鼠恢复到高血糖之前暂时性正常血糖。接受500个胰岛的小鼠在移植后30天后达到并保持正常血糖(图2A)。两组小鼠均显示体重增加(图2B)。 同样,在人?…

Discussion

在这项研究中,已经证明了两种改进的程序,可以预防出血并可能降低小鼠IIT期间的小鼠死亡率。这项研究使研究人员能够可视化胰岛移植模型,该模型在研究移植后血液介导的即时炎症反应方面是独一无二的。IIT模型是研究胰岛细胞存活和胰岛移植引起的肝缺血性损伤的独特模型19。在这里,我们根据以前的研究改进了程序,并降低了早期并发症诱导的小鼠死亡率。方法<sup cla…

Divulgazioni

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

这项研究得到了退伍军人事务部(VA-ORD BLR&D Merit I01BX004536)和美国国立卫生研究院拨款#1R01DK105183,DK120394,DK118529,HW的支持。我们要感谢Michael Lee先生和Lindsay Swaby女士的语言编辑

Materials

10% Neutral buffered formalin v/v Fisher Scientific 23426796
1 mL Syringe with needle AHS AH01T
20 mL Syringe BD 301031
25G x 5/8" hypodermic needles BD 305122
Alcohol prep pads, sterile Fisher Scientific 22-363-750
Animal Anesthesia system VetEquip, Inc. 901806
Buprenorphine hydrochloride, injection Par Sterile Products, LLC NDC 42023-179-05
Centrifuge tubes, 15 mL Fisher Scientific 0553859A
CMRL-1066 Corning 15110CV
DMEM Corning 10013CV
Ethanol, absolute (200 proof), molecular biology grade Fisher Scientific BP2818500
Extra fine Micro Dissecting scissors 4” straight sharp Roboz Surgical Instrument Co. RS-5882
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) Corning 35011CV
FreeStyle  Glucose meter Abbott Lite
FreeStyle Blood Glucose test strips Abbott Lite
Gelfoam (absorbable gelatin sponge, USP) Pharmacia & Upjohn Company 34201
Graefe forceps 4” extra delicate tip Roboz Surgical Instrument Co. RS-5136
Heated pad Amazon B07HMKMBKM
Hegar-Baumgartner Needle Holder 5.25” Roboz Surgical Instrument Co. RS-7850
Insulin syringe with 27-gauge needle BD 879588
Iodine prep pads Fisher Scientific 19-027048
Isoflurane Piramal Critical Care NDC 66794-017-25
Penicillin/streptomycin (P/S) HyClone SV30010
Polypropylene Suture 4-0 Med-Vet International MV-8683
Polypropylene Suture 5-0 Med-Vet International MV-8661
Sodium chloride, 0.9% intravenous solution VWR 2B1322Q
Streptozocin (STZ) Sigma S0130
Surgical drape, sterile Med-Vet International DR1826
Tissue Cassette Fisher Scientific 22-272416

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Citazione di questo articolo
Gou, W., Cui, W., Cui, Y., Wang, H. Minimizing Post-Infusion Portal Vein Bleeding during Intrahepatic Islet Transplantation in Mice. J. Vis. Exp. (171), e62530, doi:10.3791/62530 (2021).

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