Черенковского свечения Imaging (CLI) для мониторинга терапии рака
Summary
Использование черенковского свечения Imaging (CLI) для контроля доклинических лечения рака описано здесь. Этот метод использует Черенкова (CR) и оптической томографии (OI) для визуализации меченых зондов и, следовательно, представляет собой альтернативу ПЭТ в доклинических терапевтического мониторинга и скрининга лекарственных средств.
Abstract
In molecular imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging (OI) are two of the most important and thus most widely used modalities1-3. PET is characterized by its excellent sensitivity and quantification ability while OI is notable for non-radiation, relative low cost, short scanning time, high throughput, and wide availability to basic researchers. However, both modalities have their shortcomings as well. PET suffers from poor spatial resolution and high cost, while OI is mostly limited to preclinical applications because of its limited tissue penetration along with prominent scattering optical signals through the thickness of living tissues.
Recently a bridge between PET and OI has emerged with the discovery of Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI)4-6. CLI is a new imaging modality that harnesses Cerenkov Radiation (CR) to image radionuclides with OI instruments. Russian Nobel laureate Alekseyevich Cerenkov and his colleagues originally discovered CR in 1934. It is a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle travels at a superluminal speed in a dielectric medium7,8. The charged particle, whether positron or electron, perturbs the electromagnetic field of the medium by displacing the electrons in its atoms. After passing of the disruption photons are emitted as the displaced electrons return to the ground state. For instance, one 18F decay was estimated to produce an average of 3 photons in water5.
Since its emergence, CLI has been investigated for its use in a variety of preclinical applications including in vivo tumor imaging, reporter gene imaging, radiotracer development, multimodality imaging, among others4,5,9,10,11. The most important reason why CLI has enjoyed much success so far is that this new technology takes advantage of the low cost and wide availability of OI to image radionuclides, which used to be imaged only by more expensive and less available nuclear imaging modalities such as PET.
Here, we present the method of using CLI to monitor cancer drug therapy. Our group has recently investigated this new application and validated its feasibility by a proof-of-concept study12. We demonstrated that CLI and PET exhibited excellent correlations across different tumor xenografts and imaging probes. This is consistent with the overarching principle of CR that CLI essentially visualizes the same radionuclides as PET. We selected Bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech/Roche) as our therapeutic agent because it is a well-known angiogenesis inhibitor13,14. Maturation of this technology in the near future can be envisioned to have a significant impact on preclinical drug development, screening, as well as therapy monitoring of patients receiving treatments.
Protocol
Discussion
CLI становится перспективным метода молекулярной визуализации, которая нашла потенциалов во многих основных научно-исследовательских приложений и даже клинического использования 4,5,15,16,17. Основные преимущества CLI по сравнению с традиционными ядерными методы визуализации, такие …
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Мы признаем поддержке Национального института рака (NCI) R01 CA128908 и Стэнфордский медицинский научный сотрудник стипендий. Никакой другой потенциальный конфликт интересов, имеющих отношение к этой статье сообщается.
Materials
| Name | Company | Catalogue Number |
| H460 Cell Line | American Type Culture Collection | ATCC Number: HTB-177 |
| RPMI 1640 Medium | Invitrogen Life Technologies | 12633-012 |
| Fetal Bovine Serum | Invitrogen Life Technologies | 10091-148 |
| Penicillin/Streptomycin | Invitrogen Life Technologies | 15640-055 |
| Phosphate-Buffered Saline | Invitrogen Life Technologies | 10010-023 |
| Female Athymic Nude Mice | Charles River Laboratories, Inc. | Strain Code: 088 |
| Bevacizumab (Avastin) | Genentech/Roche | N/A |
| MicroPET Rodent R4 | Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. | N/A |
| Isoflurane (Aerrane) | Baxter | Baxter Number: AHN3637 |
| IVIS Spectrum | Caliper Life Sciences | N/A |
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