JoVE Journal > Cancer Research
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Abstract
Introduction
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자동 번역
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암 연구학

肺組織に腫瘍のセルの視覚化を循環させるため肺植民地化アッセイの確立

Published: June 16, 2018
doi:
10.3791/56761
, , , , , ,
1The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine,National Cheng Kung University, 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine,National Cheng Kung University, 3Trauma Office,Children’s National Health System

Summary

血中循環がん細胞 (Ctc) がん転移中に肺を植民地化を促進する上での役割を解読する動物モデルです。ここでは、私たちが設立され、正常に実行体内法を具体的にテスト肺植民地化の Ctc の高分子フィブロネクチン (polyFN) アセンブリの要件。

Abstract

転移は癌死の主要な原因です。血中循環がん細胞 (Ctc) Ctc によって肺を植民地化が非常に初期の肺転移過程に貢献、がん転移を促進する上での役割を積極的に検討されている.そのため、動物モデルが完全全身転移プロセスをキャプチャする唯一の方法です。体内の肺植民地化アッセイを設けて血管漏出する Ctc の貢献を調べるため実験的デザインの以前に問題が発生したことを考える長期的蛍光セル-トレーサー、carboxyfluoresceinサクシニミジルエステル (CFSE) が中断された腫瘍細胞をラベルに使用した、閉じ込められた Ctc 以外特に肺の除去、共焦点イメージングと定量前をクリアする肺灌流を行った。CTC 表面組み立てられた高分子フィブロネクチン (polyFN) は、転移性腫瘍組織の最終的な確立で肺を植民地化を仲介する発見されています。ここでは、特に肺の植民地化および血管外漏出の Ctc で polyFN アセンブリの要件をテストするため短期を行った肺植民地化アッセイを中断ルイス肺癌細胞 (Llc) (shFN) の FN-shRNA を安定に発現するかスクランブル shRNA (shScr) と 20 の前にラベルが付いた CFSE の μ M は c57bl/6 マウスに静脈内接種しました。マウス肺を植民地化する shFN LLC 細胞の能力は shScr LLC 細胞と比較すると大幅減少したことを実証します。したがって、この短期的な方法論が広く適用特に肺を植民地化する循環内で Ctc の能力を発揮する可能性があります。

Introduction

転移癌死1,2の主要な原因であります。主な組織由来腫瘍細胞懸濁液の循環を入力し、彼らの前に様々 な血行性課題、例えばアノイーキス、免疫の攻撃および血圧や幾何学的な制約からせん断応力に起因する損害を生き残る遠隔臓器転移3,4,5,6の成功を口述の重要なステップを植民地化することができます。そのため、積極的な努力は現在循環腫瘍細胞 (CTCs) を特徴付けると腫瘍悪性度、転移、がん患者7,8の生存率とこれらの特性を関連付けることで行われています。,9. がん転移のプロセスは特に体内イベントを示しています、動物モデルは転移10、11,12 の完全全身プロセスをキャプチャする唯一の方法.

CTCs 遠隔臓器1,2の植民地化を含む複数の携帯電話イベントを介して転移腫瘍組織になります。ただし、最も一般的に使用される転移アッセイ13,14,15は遠隔臓器の CTC を植民地化を観察する方法を行いません。したがって、CTC の植民地化の可視化のため体内の分析設計が急務します。いくつか体内と体外の短い用語肺植民地化の試金に設計されている、問題および不利な点のまま。例えば、緑色蛍光タンパク質 (GFP) をしながらの試金の過剰発現の腫瘍細胞は、これらに使用されている22,23, 安定 transfect し、十分な GFP の蛍光強度の下で腫瘍細胞クローンの作成にかかる時間顕微鏡。同様が長期細胞トレーサー CFSE による腫瘍細胞の一時的な染色は、gfp 発現する腫瘍細胞を置き換えるに雇われている、それは CFSE 分類された腫瘍細胞が接続されているかどうかを判断することは困難または内だけに存在します摘出臓器16,17の血管。

批判的に転移腫瘍組織18,19,20,21,22 の最終的な確立に貢献する高分子フィブロネクチン (polyFN) Ctc の表面上で組み立てが見つかりました.ここでは、短期的には肺の植民地化の試金が中断されたルイス肺癌細胞 (Llc) 安定 FN shRNA (shFN) またはスクランブル shRNA (shScr) を表現し、事前の付いた CFSE c57bl/6 マウスに静脈内接種を行った。2 〜 3 日後マウス肺最初灌リン酸緩衝生理食塩水 (PBS) 受ける前に血管内の未接続の Ctc を完全に削除する共焦点顕微鏡と肺をくわえて Llc の定量化します。明確に示した肺植民地化 shFN Llc の数と腫瘍結節はあった shScr Llc、実質的に植民地化の Ctc の成長を促進する上で Ctc で polyFN アセンブリの役割を裏付けると比較して大幅に削減、肺。我々 の研究は癌転移における polyFN の役割の検討をさらに保証します。

Protocol

すべてのマウスの実験は、当研究所 (ケア、NCKU 医科大学実験動物の使用のためのガイド) のガイドラインに従って行われました。 1. 楽器、文化、メディア、料理の準備 実験的プロトコルを開始する前に取得 (尾静脈注射) を 26 G/0.5 cm の針を用いて 1 mL 注射器滅菌手術用縫合糸、3 mL シリンジ (肺灌流) の 24 G/3 cm 針ダルベッコ変更イーグル メディア (DMEM)、トリプシ…

Representative Results

体内の肺の植民地化分析を実行する前に肺の植民地化および/または転移を促進する管外中断された腫瘍細胞上の polyFN を仲介するかどうかをテストするのには、図 1 aに示されているように我々 まず滴定別CFSE は細胞透過性と共有抱合体細胞内アミン含有分子26,27中断された腫瘍細胞のと時間の?…

Discussion

一緒に長期間肺植民地化アッセイ、短期的には遠く離れた臓器に Ctc によって肺菌を体内を用いてここで我々 の方法論は明確に発表し、植民地化で Ctc に組み立てられた polyFN の特定の役割を区別肺の血管外漏出と転移プロセス18,19,20,21につながった。直接確認できなかった長期の細胞追跡 …

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

テクニカル サポートのため博士明分チャン ・ チェンさんは屋新を感謝致します。この作品は、台湾の科学技術省によって支えられた (ほとんど-103-2325-B-006-009、ほとんど-104-2325-B-006-001、ほとんど-105-2325-B-006-001、および MOST-106-2320-B-006-068-MY3) 厚生省と福祉 (MOHW106-TDU-B-211-144004)。また、国立成功大学、医学のコア研究室から多光子顕微鏡のサポートを感謝しております。

Materials

Material
Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-9048-46-8
Bouin's Fluid MCC(medical chemical corporation)/POISON 456-A-1GL
CFSE Proliferation Dye ebiosciences 65-0850-85 Full name: Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester
Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media (DMEM)  (Gibco)ThermoFisher Scientific 12100-061
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-6381-92-6 For prepared trypsin-EDTA solution( Final concentration: 0.53mM ) 
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco)ThermoFisher Scientific 10437-028
Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA CRL-1642
L-Glutamine, USP  (Gibco)ThermoFisher Scientific 21051-024
Potassium chloride (KCl) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-7447-40-7 For prepared 1X PBS ( Final concentration: 2.7mM )
Potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-7778-77-0 For prepared 1X PBS ( Final concentration: 1.8mM )
Sodium chloride (NaCl) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-7647-14-5 For prepared 1X PBS ( Final concentration: 137mM )
Sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4) Cyrusbioscience (Taipei, Taiwan) 101-10039-32-4 For prepared 1X PBS ( Final concentration: 10mM )
Trypan Blue Sigma Aldrich T6146 0.5 g mix with 100 mL 1X PBS
Trypsin Sigma Aldrich T4799 For prepared trypsin-EDTA solution ( Final concentration: 5g/L )
Zoletil 50 Virbac To dilute with 1X PBS 
Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Equipment
Compact Tabletop Centrifuge 2420 KUBOTA Co. 2420
Culture dish (6cm) Wuxi NEST Biotechnology Co. 705001
Disposable syringe (with needle) Perfect Medical Industry Co. 24G/3 cm;3 ml & 26G/0.5 cm;1 ml
End over end mixer C.T.I YOUNG CHENN TS-20 For suspended cells recovery 
FACSCalibur (FACS) BD biosciences
Forceps Dimeda 10.102.14
Forma Direct Heat CO2 incubator Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. HEPA CLASS 100
Mouse restrainer (Cylindrical Restrainer 15-30 gm) Stoelting 51338
Multiphoton Confocal Microscope BX61WI Olympus FV1000MPE
Neubauer counting chamber Marienfeld-Superior 640010
Surgical scissor Dimeda 08.370.11
Surgical sutures  UNIK SURGICAL SUTURES MFG. CO. NO. 0034 Black Braided silk; non-absorbable (25YD; U.S.P. 4/0)
1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube Wuxi NEST Biotechnology Co. 615001
15 mL Greiner tube Greiner bio-one 188271
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Lung ColonizationCirculating Tumor CellsCancer MetastasisCell VisualizationCell CultureTrypsin-EDTACell SuspensionCentrifugationCFSETail Vein InjectionC57BL/6 Mouse
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Lin, T., Liao, Y., Chang, W., Yang, C., Cheng, L., Cheng, M., Cheng, H. The Establishment of a Lung Colonization Assay for Circulating Tumor Cell Visualization in Lung Tissues. J. Vis. Exp. (136), e56761, doi:10.3791/56761 (2018).
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