Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

DFS70 autoantibodies mimic common disease-associated antinuclear antibody patterns making accurate interpretation challenging when using conventional HEp-2 substrates. The protocol describes advantages of novel engineered HEp-2 substrate over conventional HEp-2 in ANA screening and distinguishing DFS70 patterns with high confidence in both monospecific and mixed ANA positive cases.