Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried View Institution's Website 3 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Microfluidics-Assisted Selective Depolarization of Axonal Mitochondria Simone Wanderoy*1,2, Alina Rühmkorf*1,2, Angelika B. Harbauer2,3,4 1TUM Medical Graduate Center, Technical University of Munich, 2Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 3TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, 4Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology The present protocol describes the seeding and staining of neuronal mitochondria in microfluidic chambers. The fluidic pressure gradient in these chambers allows for the selective treatment of mitochondria in axons to analyze their properties in response to pharmacological challenges without affecting the cell body compartment. Behavior Two-photon Calcium Imaging in Mice Navigating a Virtual Reality Environment Marcus Leinweber*1,2, Pawel Zmarz*1,2, Peter Buchmann3, Paul Argast1, Mark Hübener2, Tobias Bonhoeffer2, Georg B. Keller1,2 1Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 2Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 3Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich Here we describe the experimental procedures involved in two-photon imaging of mouse cortex during behavior in a virtual reality environment. Biology Direct Imaging of ER Calcium with Targeted-Esterase Induced Dye Loading (TED) Samira Samtleben1, Juliane Jaepel1,2, Caroline Fecher1, Thomas Andreska1, Markus Rehberg3, Robert Blum1 1Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, University of Wuerzburg, 2Department of Synapses - Circuits - Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, 3Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich Targeted-esterase induced dye loading (TED) supports the analysis of intracellular calcium store dynamics by fluorescence imaging. The method bases on targeting of a recombinant Carboxylesterase to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it improves the local unmasking of synthetic low-affinity Ca2+ indicator dyes in the ER lumen.