Summary

贸工部视觉通路的 - 白质及脑病变

Published: August 26, 2014
doi:

Summary

弥散张量成像(DTI)进行尝试描绘视觉通路的主要部件。该目标是利用一种FDA批准的标准商业工作站可能被用于日常例程以试图减少在病人的视觉通路的手术损伤。

Abstract

DTI是标识白质(WMT)非侵入性地在使用扩散测量健康和非健康患者的技术。类似的视觉通路(VP),WMT不与古典MRI或显微镜手术中可见。 DIT将有助于神经外科医生,以防止破坏的副总裁,同时消除邻近该WMT病变。我们已经进行了英国贸工部对50例患者手术前后2012年3月至2014年1月要浏览我们使用了3DT1加权序列。此外,我们进行了T2加权和DTI序列。所使用的参数为,FOV:20​​0×200毫米,切片厚度:2毫米,并采集矩阵:96×96得到的2×2×2mm的几乎各向同性的体素。轴向核磁共振进行了使用32梯度方向,一个B0形象。我们使用回波平面-成像(EPI)和资产并行成像中的2的加速度因子和为800秒/平方毫米的b值。扫描时间小于9分钟。

ENT“>获得使用FDA批准它使用被称为连续跟踪(事实)光纤分配一个简单的纤维跟踪方法的手术导航系统的程序进行处理的贸工部的数据,这是基于对感兴趣的区域间线的传输(投资回报率),这是由医生确定。50的最大角度,足协启动0.10的值,为0.20平方毫米/停止的ADC值S被用于跟踪技术参数。

有一些限制这种技术。在有限的捕获时间帧强制折衷的图像质量。另一个重要的一点不容忽视的是在手术中的脑转移。至于后者术中MRI检查可能会有帮助。另外需要的假阳性或假阴性束的风险要考虑到这可能会危及最终结果。

Introduction

弥散张量成像(DTI)用于在人脑中1描绘WMT非侵入。它已被用于在过去的十年中,以减少手术1期间伤及大脑口才方面的风险。

英国贸工部在50例患者行2012年3月和2014年1月间,以塑造视觉通路。贸工部可能通过提供关于白质束的解剖位置的重要信息保存完善的大脑雄辩地区在手术过程中。它已被纳入战略规划切除复杂的脑部病变1。然而,视觉通路的写照仍然是一个挑战,因为没有标准,英国贸工部,放置种子数量和效果12诠释的参数。

不同的算法已经被至今19-21实现。一些方法集中在确定性方法19,22-25。另一些人用概率方法,26,27,29。最近,采用Q-球张量场,扩散光谱成像和高角分辨率弥散成像(HARDI)正在使用的技术来描绘等等的视觉通路1,13-15,18白质。然而,在必要时对HARDI是显著长45分钟,该软件是不能商购获得,并强调科学应用18。教学期间为HARDI似乎是长于DTI 18。

所提出的协议是容易可行的,可以避免发病率和改善术后结果用于神经外科手术的日常例程。额外的时间用于该协议是小于9分钟,比其他协议1,9,12,16显著更快。承认许多复杂的算法近来已经开发出了纸张限制的事实本身的使用可商购的和FDA批准的软件。然而它是强制性的,以顾及它们上面提到了这种技术的局限性。

Protocol

注:此协议遵循中心医院去卢森堡在卢森堡的准则。 1,准备弥散张量成像的视觉通路的神经外科及跟进至少有一天在手术前严格轴向采用32梯度方向,一个B0图像进行核磁共振成像扫描。请随时与神经放射学单位保持密切联系。 注意:请明确的神经放射手术后的图像是相同的操作之前。 使用3特斯拉MRI检查,执行3DT1加权和DTI序列扫描。…

Representative Results

该协议使医生能够充分地描绘了​​VP的主要部分。它可以随着时间稍微量,以防止损害患者旁边口​​才区域脑病变使用。术后控制也显示出了良好的效果。 VP是描绘在图7中后,病人从胶质母细胞瘤手术。 图2给出了副总裁复发胶质母细胞瘤后。作者承认提出该协议描绘迈耶环这仍然是一个重大挑战困难的事实。 <im…

Discussion

DTI是一种技术,使神经外科医生形象化白质在体内 8。视觉通路是这些大片之一。虽然这种方法为医生提供关于病人有关的大脑,我们不得不说,这种技术的一些局限性做还存在雄辩区病变的治疗提供新的可能性。第一个也是最明显的挑战是脑转移,其中正在调查4仍然是一个问题。之后通过除去肿瘤或我们`吨有相同的条件下在手术前的脑脊液损失打开硬脑膜和操纵后在脑?…

Declarações

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the whole Service of Neuroradiology. We would like to thank Lis Prussen for her work in the library.

Materials

Name of Material/ Equipment Company Catalog Number Comments/Description
3-Tesla-MRI General Electric  Signa LX version 9.1
Surgical Navigation System Srogram Medtronic 9734478
Surgical Navigation System Srogram Medtronic 4500810331  20016318

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Hana, A., Husch, A., Gunness, V. R. N., Berthold, C., Hana, A., Dooms, G., Boecher Schwarz, H., Hertel, F. DTI of the Visual Pathway – White Matter Tracts and Cerebral Lesions. J. Vis. Exp. (90), e51946, doi:10.3791/51946 (2014).

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