Arnold Caplan Department of Biology - Skeletal Research Center Case Western Reserve University Biography Publications Institution JoVE Articles Arnold Caplan has not added a biography. If you are Arnold Caplan and would like to personalize this page please email our Author Liaison for assistance. Publications Non-destructive/non-invasive Imaging Evaluation of Cellular Differentiation Progression During in Vitro MSC-derived Chondrogenesis Tissue Engineering. Part A. Aug, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28825369 Transcriptome-Wide Analyses of Human Neonatal Articular Cartilage and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Cartilage Provide a New Molecular Target for Evaluating Engineered Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Part A. Jul, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28602122 Not Missing the Future: A Call to Action for Investigating the Role of Regenerative Medicine Therapies in Pediatric/Adolescent Sports Injuries Current Sports Medicine Reports. May/Jun, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28498229 Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Time to Change the Name! Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Jun, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28452204 New MSC: MSCs As Pericytes Are Sentinels and Gatekeepers Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. Jun, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28294393 The 3Rs of Cell Therapy Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Jan, 2017 | Pubmed ID: 28170173 Growth Factor Dose Tuning for Bone Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Differentiation on Resorbable Poly(propylene Fumarate) Scaffolds Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods. Sep, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27558310 The 3Rs of Cell Therapy Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Aug, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27502516 Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lipogems, a Reverse Story: from Clinical Practice to Basic Science Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.). 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27236668 Development of a Functional Biomarker for Use in Cell-Based Therapy Studies in Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cells Translational Medicine. May, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 27025689 Antimicrobial Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Therapeutic Potential for Cystic Fibrosis Infection, and Treatment Stem Cells International. 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26925108 MSCs: The Sentinel and Safe-Guards of Injury Journal of Cellular Physiology. Jul, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26565391 Proteoglycans in Leiomyoma and Normal Myometrium: Abundance, Steroid Hormone Control, and Implications for Pathophysiology Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.). Mar, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26423601 Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in a Rat Model of Birth-trauma Injury: Functional Improvements and Biodistribution International Urogynecology Journal. Feb, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26353846 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Melanoma Cancer Cells Extravasation to Bone and Liver at Their Perivascular Niche International Journal of Cancer. Jan, 2016 | Pubmed ID: 26235173 Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells: When, Where, and How Stem Cells International. 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26273305 The MSC Curtain That Stops the Immune System Immunology Letters. Dec, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26079607 Body Management: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Control the Internal Regenerator Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Jul, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26019227 Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Enhances Osteogenesis of Adipose-Derived But Not Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio). Sep, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 26013357 Regenerative Treatments to Enhance Orthopedic Surgical Outcome PM & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation. Apr, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25864660 Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Women's Health Menopause (New York, N.Y.). Feb, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25608271 Cancer Stem Cells: Targeting the Roots of Cancer, Seeds of Metastasis, and Sources of Therapy Resistance Cancer Research. Mar, 2015 | Pubmed ID: 25604264 Identification of a Subpopulation of Marrow MSC-derived Medullary Adipocytes That Express Osteoclast-regulating Molecules: Marrow Adipocytes Express Osteoclast Mediators PloS One. 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25302610 The Role of CXCL12 and CCL7 Chemokines in Immune Regulation, Embryonic Development, and Tissue Regeneration Cytokine. Oct, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 25034237 Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Challenges and Unfulfilled Expectations Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews. Dec, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24749845 Progressive Approval: a Proposal for a New Regulatory Pathway for Regenerative Medicine Stem Cells Translational Medicine. May, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24682285 Validating Continuous Digital Light Processing (cDLP) Additive Manufacturing Accuracy and Tissue Engineering Utility of a Dye-initiator Package Biofabrication. Mar, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24429508 Serial Transplantation and Long-term Engraftment of Intra-arterially Delivered Clonally Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Injured Bone Marrow Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy. Jan, 2014 | Pubmed ID: 24067545 Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Environmentally Responsive Therapeutics for Regenerative Medicine Experimental & Molecular Medicine. Nov, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24232253 Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Frontiers in Immunology. Sep, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24027567 MSCs: Delivery Routes and Engraftment, Cell-Targeting Strategies, and Immune Modulation Stem Cells International. 2013 | Pubmed ID: 24000286 The Effects of Crosslinking of Scaffolds Engineered from Cartilage ECM on the Chondrogenic Differentiation of MSCs Biomaterials. Jul, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23642532 Growth, Differentiation Capacity, and Function of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expanded in Serum-free Medium Developed Via Combinatorial Screening Experimental Cell Research. Jun, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23597555 Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the NO Pathways Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Feb, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23396846 Micrometer Scale Guidance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Form Structurally Oriented Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Tissue Engineering. Part A. May, 2013 | Pubmed ID: 23157410 Efficient Lentiviral Transduction of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells That Preserves Proliferation and Differentiation Capabilities Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Dec, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 23283550 The Effect of Extended First Passage Culture on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stem Cells Translational Medicine. Apr, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 23197807 Cell Transplantation As an Initiator of Endogenous Stem Cell-based Tissue Repair Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation. Dec, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 23111645 The Inhibition by Interleukin 1 of MSC Chondrogenesis and the Development of Biomechanical Properties in Biomimetic 3D Woven PCL Scaffolds Biomaterials. Dec, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22999467 Scaling-up of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Isolated from Multiple Niches PloS One. 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22768154 Hepatocyte Growth Factor Mediates Mesenchymal Stem Cell–induced Recovery in Multiple Sclerosis Models Nature Neuroscience. Jun, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22610068 Imaging Stem Cell Differentiation for Cell-based Tissue Repair Methods in Enzymology. 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22341228 Proteoglycans of Uterine Fibroids and Keloid Scars: Similarity in Their Proteoglycan Composition The Biochemical Journal. Apr, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22257180 Development of a Peptide-targeted, Myocardial Ischemia-homing, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Journal of Drug Targeting. Jan, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22047107 Stem Cells in Dental Pulp of Deciduous Teeth Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews. Apr, 2012 | Pubmed ID: 22032258 Quantitative Microscopy in Murine Models of Lung Inflammation Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology. Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 22611751 The Creation of an in Vitro Adipose Tissue That Contains a Vascular-adipocyte Complex Biomaterials. Dec, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21959010 Polybrene Inhibits Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation During Lentiviral Transduction PloS One. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21887340 Nondestructive Evaluation of Hydrogel Mechanical Properties Using Ultrasound Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Oct, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21773854 The MSC: an Injury Drugstore Cell Stem Cell. Jul, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21726829 PDGF in Bone Formation and Regeneration: New Insights into a Novel Mechanism Involving MSCs Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. Dec, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21618276 Biological Evaluation of a New C-xylopyranoside Derivative (C-Xyloside) and Its Role in Glycosaminoglycan Biosynthesis European Journal of Dermatology : EJD. May-Jun, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21609902 2010 Lifetime Achievement Award of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society--north America: Arnold I. Caplan, Ph.D Tissue Engineering. Part A. Feb, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21128820 Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Mechanisms of Inflammation Annual Review of Pathology. 2011 | Pubmed ID: 21073342 Age-related Differences in Human Skin Proteoglycans Glycobiology. Feb, 2011 | Pubmed ID: 20947661 Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Past, the Present, the Future Cartilage. Jan, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 26069532 Defining Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Efficacy in Vivo Journal of Inflammation (London, England). Oct, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20974000 Topical Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Function in Wounds Stem Cell Research & Therapy. Sep, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20863417 Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Chronic Airway Inflammation in the Murine Ovalbumin Asthma Model American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology. Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20817776 Chondrogenesis and Mineralization During in Vitro Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Three-dimensional Woven Scaffolds Tissue Engineering. Part A. Dec, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20673022 Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells: an Innovative Therapeutic for Lung Diseases Discovery Medicine. Apr, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20423678 What's in a Name? Tissue Engineering. Part A. Aug, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20412005 The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neural Repair Discovery Medicine. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20350491 In Vitro Generation of Mechanically Functional Cartilage Grafts Based on Adult Human Stem Cells and 3D-woven Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) Scaffolds Biomaterials. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 20034665 Low Oxygen Tension During Incubation Periods of Chondrocyte Expansion is Sufficient to Enhance Postexpansion Chondrogenesis Tissue Engineering. Part A. May, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19958052 Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Proliferation and Delays Loss of Chondrogenic Potential in Human Adult Bone-marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Tissue Engineering. Part A. Mar, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19842915 Chondrogenesis of Adult Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow: Induction by Growth Factors and Cartilage-derived Matrix Tissue Engineering. Part A. Feb, 2010 | Pubmed ID: 19715387 Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. Oct-Dec, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19926330 Optimizing Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Therapeutics Current Opinion in Biotechnology. Oct, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19783424 Fibroblasts-a Diverse Population at the Center of It All International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology. 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19584013 A Point Mutation in KINDLIN3 Ablates Activation of Three Integrin Subfamilies in Humans Nature Medicine. Mar, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19234460 New Era of Cell-based Orthopedic Therapies Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews. Jun, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19228082 Influence of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells on in Vitro Vascular Formation Tissue Engineering. Part A. Jul, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19196139 Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Th2-polarized Immune Response and Promote Endogenous Repair in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis Glia. Aug, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19191336 Effect of Swelling Ratio of Injectable Hydrogel Composites on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Encapsulated Rabbit Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro Biomacromolecules. Mar, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19173557 In Vitro Dexamethasone Pretreatment Enhances Bone Formation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vivo Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. Jul, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 19137580 MSC Frequency Correlates with Blood Vessel Density in Equine Adipose Tissue Tissue Engineering. Part A. Feb, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 18847356 Dexamethasone Inhibition of Confluence-induced Apoptosis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. Feb, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 18683880 Effect of Dual Growth Factor Delivery on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Injectable Hydrogel Composites Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A. Mar, 2009 | Pubmed ID: 18381637 All MSCs Are Pericytes? Cell Stem Cell. Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18786406 Effects of Initial Seeding Density and Fluid Perfusion Rate on Formation of Tissue-engineered Bone Tissue Engineering. Part A. Nov, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18620487 In Search of the in Vivo Identity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio). Sep, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18566331 Human Dermal Fibroblast Subpopulations; Differential Interactions with Vascular Endothelial Cells in Coculture: Nonsoluble Factors in the Extracellular Matrix Influence Interactions Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society. Mar-Apr, 2008 | Pubmed ID: 18318814 A Self-assembled Fibroblast-endothelial Cell Co-culture System That Supports in Vitro Vasculogenesis by Both Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Cells, Tissues, Organs. 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17657137 Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering Versus Regenerative Medicine Journal of Cellular Physiology. Nov, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17620285 Injectable Biodegradable Hydrogel Composites for Rabbit Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Growth Factor Delivery for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Biomaterials. Jul, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17445882 Cartilage Tissue Engineering for Laryngotracheal Reconstruction: Comparison of Chondrocytes from Three Anatomic Locations in the Rabbit Tissue Engineering. Apr, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17394383 Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Signals Regulate Neural Stem Cell Fate Neurochemical Research. Feb, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17191131 Clonal Characterization of Fibroblasts in the Superficial Layer of the Adult Human Dermis Cell and Tissue Research. Mar, 2007 | Pubmed ID: 17093925 Isolation and Characterization of a Population of Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells Expressing OCT-4 and Other Embryonic Stem Cell Markers Cells, Tissues, Organs. 2006 | Pubmed ID: 17409736 Isolation of Rat Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Experimental Hematology. Nov, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 17046584 Isolation of Human Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Experimental Hematology. Nov, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 17046583 Toxic Effects of Gentamicin on Marrow-derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. Nov, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 16906089 A Rapid Seeding Technique for the Assembly of Large Cell/scaffold Composite Constructs Tissue Engineering. Jul, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 16889515 Mesenchymal Stem Cells As Trophic Mediators Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. Aug, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 16619257 Hyaluronan-based Polymer Scaffold Modulates the Expression of Inflammatory and Degradative Factors in Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Involvement of Cd44 and Cd54 Journal of Cellular Physiology. May, 2006 | Pubmed ID: 16331675 A Simple Method for Stem Cell Labeling with Fluorine 18 Nuclear Medicine and Biology. Oct, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 16243645 Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Cell-based Reconstructive Therapy in Orthopedics Tissue Engineering. Jul-Aug, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 16144456 Effect of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 on Marrow-infused Foam Poly(propylene Fumarate) Tissue-engineered Constructs for the Repair of Critical-size Cranial Defects in Rabbits Tissue Engineering. May-Jun, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 15998232 Repair of Osteochondral Defects with Hyaluronan- and Polyester-based Scaffolds Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Apr, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 15780643 FGF-2 Enhances the Mitotic and Chondrogenic Potentials of Human Adult Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Journal of Cellular Physiology. May, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 15521064 Sustained Wnt Protein Expression in Chondral Constructs from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Journal of Cellular Physiology. Apr, 2005 | Pubmed ID: 15389636 Tissue Engineering of Autologous Cartilage Grafts in Three-dimensional in Vitro Macroaggregate Culture System Tissue Engineering. Nov-Dec, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15684678 Controlled Release of Hyaluronan Oligomers from Biodegradable Polymeric Microparticle Carriers Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society. Nov, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15544873 Osteochondral Defect Repair by Demineralized Cortical Bone Matrix Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. Oct, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15480077 Adult Stem Cell Driven Genesis of Human-shaped Articular Condyle Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Jul, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15298429 Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Differentiation to the Chondrocytic Phenotype Methods in Molecular Medicine. 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15280587 A New Human Somatic Stem Cell from Placental Cord Blood with Intrinsic Pluripotent Differentiation Potential The Journal of Experimental Medicine. Jul, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15263023 Targeted Delivery of Progenitor Cells for Cartilage Repair Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. Jul, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 15183428 Cellular Interactions and Bone Healing Responses to a Novel Porous Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Graft Material Orthopedics. Jan, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 14763552 Fibroblast Heterogeneity: More Than Skin Deep Journal of Cell Science. Feb, 2004 | Pubmed ID: 14754903 Cytokines and Glucocorticoids Differentially Regulate APN/CD13 and DPPIV/CD26 Enzyme Activities in Cultured Human Dermal Fibroblasts Archives of Dermatological Research. Aug, 2003 | Pubmed ID: 12861419 Production of a Monoclonal Antibody, DF-5, That Identifies Cells at the Epithelial-mesenchymal Interface in Normal Human Skin. APN/CD13 is an Epithelial-mesenchymal Marker in Skin Experimental Dermatology. Jun, 2003 | Pubmed ID: 12823446 Embryonic Development and the Principles of Tissue Engineering Novartis Foundation Symposium. 2003 | Pubmed ID: 12708647 Age-related Changes in the Proteoglycans of Human Skin. Specific Cleavage of Decorin to Yield a Major Catabolic Fragment in Adult Skin The Journal of Biological Chemistry. May, 2003 | Pubmed ID: 12621051 Repair of Osteochondral Defect with Tissue-engineered Two-phase Composite Material of Injectable Calcium Phosphate and Hyaluronan Sponge Tissue Engineering. Oct, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12459061 Bioreactors Mediate the Effectiveness of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Oct, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12207008 Immunochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Cartilage Subtypes in Rabbit The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society. Aug, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12133908 In Vivo Remodeling: Breakout Session Summary Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Jun, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12081929 In Vivo Remodeling Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Jun, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12081925 Treatment of Osteochondral Defects with Autologous Bone Marrow in a Hyaluronan-based Delivery Vehicle Tissue Engineering. Apr, 2002 | Pubmed ID: 12031121 The STRO-1+ Marrow Cell Population is Multipotential Cells, Tissues, Organs. 2002 | Pubmed ID: 11731697 Guiada por ultra-som intracardíaca injeção de células-tronco mesenquimais humanas para aumentar Homing para o intestino para uso em modelos murino de doenças intestinais inflamatórias Experimental Maneesh Dave1, Paola Menghini1, Keiki Sugi2,3, Rodrigo A. Somoza5, Zhenghong Lee4, Mukesh Jain2,3, Arnold Caplan5, Fabio Cominelli1 1Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 2Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 3Department of Medicine, Harrington Discovery Institute, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 5Department of Biology - Skeletal Research Center, Case Western Reserve University JoVE 55367 Medicine
Guiada por ultra-som intracardíaca injeção de células-tronco mesenquimais humanas para aumentar Homing para o intestino para uso em modelos murino de doenças intestinais inflamatórias Experimental Maneesh Dave1, Paola Menghini1, Keiki Sugi2,3, Rodrigo A. Somoza5, Zhenghong Lee4, Mukesh Jain2,3, Arnold Caplan5, Fabio Cominelli1 1Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, 2Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 3Department of Medicine, Harrington Discovery Institute, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 5Department of Biology - Skeletal Research Center, Case Western Reserve University JoVE 55367 Medicine
