Chapter 7
Metabolism
![What is Metabolism?](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10725.jpg)
Metabolism represents all of the chemical activity in a cell, including reactions that build molecules (anabolism) and those that break molecules…
![First Law of Thermodynamics](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10726.jpg)
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. This can be demonstrated within a classic food…
![Kinetic Energy](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10728.jpg)
Kinetic energy is the ability of an object in motion to do work or enact change. It can take on many forms. For instance, water flowing down a…
![Potential Energy](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10729.jpg)
The energy stored by a structure and location of matter in space is called potential energy. For instance, raising a kettlebell changes its spatial…
![Activation Energy](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10731.jpg)
Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to move forward. The higher the activation energy, the slower the…
![Hydrolysis of ATP](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10732.jpg)
The bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be broken through the addition of water, releasing one or two phosphate groups in an exergonic process…
![Induced-fit Model](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10734.jpg)
Most chemical reactions in cells require enzymes—biological catalysts that speed up the reaction without being consumed or permanently changed.…
![Enzyme Kinetics](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11005.jpg)
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called…
![Feedback Inhibition](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10735.jpg)
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that…
![Allosteric Regulation](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/10974.jpg)
Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in…
![Study of <em>In Vivo</em> Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/56672_t.png)
Obesity represents the most important single risk factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, a disease which is characterized by a resistance to…
![A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/54255_t.png)
Monocytes are innate immune cells that can be activated by pathogens and inflammation associated with certain chronic inflammatory diseases.…