Vasodilatación de los vasos aislados y el aislamiento de la matriz extracelular de la piel-apretado ratones
Summary
We describe the isolation of cardiac extracellular matrix from C57Bl/6J control mice, tight-skin mice, and tight-skin mice treated with the IRF5 inhibitory peptide. We also describe the vasodilation studies on the isolated vessels from C57Bl/6J, tight-skin mice and tight-skin mice treated with the IRF5 inhibitory peptide.
Abstract
The interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is crucial for cells to determine if they respond in a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory fashion. IRF5’s ability to switch cells from one pathway to another is highly attractive as a therapeutic target. We designed a decoy peptide IRF5D with a molecular modeling software for designing small molecules and peptides.
IRF5D inhibited IRF5, reduced alterations in extracellular matrix, and improved endothelial vasodilation in the tight-skin mouse (Tsk/+). The Kd of IRF5D for recombinant IRF5 is 3.72 ± 0.74 x 10-6 M as determined by binding experiments using biolayer interferometry experiments. Endothelial cells (EC) proliferation and apoptosis were unchanged using increasing concentrations of IRF5D (0 to 100 µg/mL, 24 h). Tsk/+ mice were treated with IRF5D (1 mg/kg/d subcutaneously, 21 d). IRF5 and ICAM expressions were decreased after IRF5D treatment. Endothelial function was improved as assessed by vasodilation of facialis arteries from Tsk/+ mice treated with IRF5D compared to Tsk/+ mice without IRF5D treatment. As a transcription factor, IRF5 traffics from the cytosol to the nucleus. Translocation was assessed by immunohistochemistry on cardiac myocytes cultured on the different cardiac extracellular matrices. IRF5D treatment of the Tsk/+ mouse resulted in a reduced number of IRF5 positive nuclei in comparison to the animals without IRF5D treatment (50 µg/mL, 24 h). These findings demonstrate the important role that IRF5 plays in inflammation and fibrosis in Tsk/+ mice.
Introduction
Regulación del crecimiento celular y la respuesta inmune de muerte celular es fundamental para el papel de la familia de factores de transcripción de factores reguladores de interferón. IRF5 se pone de relieve como crucial para la regulación de la respuesta inmune entre el tipo 1, la promoción de una respuesta inflamatoria y tipo 2, una reparación de tejidos respuesta inmune de orientación. IRF5 es clave en el cáncer de 1, y la autoinmunidad 2, 3, 4, 5.
El ratón apretado-piel (Tsk / +) es un modelo para la fibrosis del tejido y la esclerodermia debido a una mutación de duplicación en el gen de la fibrilina-1. Esta mutación da como resultado un apretado-piel y un aumento en el tejido conectivo. Estos ratones desarrollan inflamación miocárdica, fibrosis e insuficiencia finalmente corazón 5, 6, 7,> 8, 9. La esclerodermia es un trastorno fibrótico autoinmune que afecta a aproximadamente 150.000 pacientes en los Estados Unidos 6. Las características de esta enfermedad son la fibrosis de los órganos internos, incluyendo el corazón 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
La naturaleza del estudio exigía el diseño de un péptido inhibidor. El enfoque de software fue elegido sobre un enfoque tradicional usando una visualización de fagos. El enfoque de software es más fácil y menos consume mucho tiempo. El banco de datos RCSB se utiliza para identificar sitios de unión apropiados 12. Para estudiar la interacción del péptido de nuevo diseño con la proteína recombinante y centrarse en los parámetros de unión, se utilizó una técnica llamada interferometría capa biológica. Biocapa interferometría es un techniq basado biosensorue lo que determina la afinidad de unión, de asociación y disociación utilizando un biosensor y una muestra de unión. El biosensor puede ser fluorescente, luminiscentemente, etiquetado radiométricamente y colorimétricamente. La medición se basa en la adición de masa o el agotamiento se asemeja asociación y disociación 13, 14. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender el papel de IRF5 en la inflamación y la fibrosis miocárdica. El objetivo era profundizar en el papel de IRF5 en el desarrollo de la fibrosis del tejido y la esclerodermia.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
El objetivo era diseñar un inhibidor IRF5 para dilucidar el papel de IRF5 sobre la inflamación, fibrosis y la función vascular en los corazones de TSK / + ratones. Los resultados son que IRF5D no indujo la proliferación o la apoptosis. Por otra parte, la inflamación se redujo y la función vascular mejorada. Estos datos sugieren que IRF5 juega un papel mecanicista importante en el desarrollo de la inflamación y fibrosis en el corazón de TSK / + ratones y que tiene el potencial de servir como una diana terapéutic…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by NIH grants HL-089779 (DW), HL-112270 (KAP) and HL-102836 (KAP) and Cimphoni Life Sciences (part of DW salary). The authors thank Meghann Sytsma for editing the manuscript.
Materials
| Triton X 100 | Sigma Aldrich | X100- 100ml | |
| Alexa 488-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG antibody | Thermo Fisher | A11001 | |
| Bardford reagent | Thermo Fisher | 23200 | Pierce |
| Biosensors | Forte-Bio | MR18-0009 | |
| CD64 (H-250) | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-15364 | |
| CellEvent Caspase-3/7 Substrate | Thermo Fisher/Life Technologies | C10427 | |
| CellTiter AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay kit | Promega | G3580 | Promega |
| DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) | Thermo Fisher | D-1306 | 1:1000 dilution in PBS |
| donkey anti rat Alexa 488 | Thermo Fisher | A-21208 | 1:1000 dilution in PBS |
| ECL plus | GE healthcare/Amersham | RPN2133 | After a lot of trial and error we came back to this one |
| Eclipse TE 200-U microscope with EZ C1 laser scanning software | Nikon | ||
| goat anti rabbit Alexa 488 | Thermo Fisher | A-11008 | 1:1000 dilution in PBS |
| HRP anti-goat | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-516086 | !:10000 dilution in TBS |
| HRP donkey anti-mouse | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-2315 | 1:10000 dilution in TBS |
| ICAM-1 antibody | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-1511 | 1:200 dilution in PBS |
| IRF5 antibody (H56) | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-98651 | |
| Micro plate reader Elx800 | Biotek | ||
| NIMP neutrophil marker | Santa Cruz Biotechnologies | sc-133821 | 1:200 dilution in PBS |
| Octet RED | Forte Bio | protein-protein binding | |
| Peptide design Medit SA software | RCSB.org | ||
| Recombinant IRF5 protein synthesis | TopGene Technologies | protein expression, synthesis service | |
| sodium dodecyl phosphate | Sigma Aldrich | 436143 | detergent |
| Ketamine | Pharmacy | Schedule III controlled substance, presciption required | |
| Xylazine | MedVet | ||
| 3.5X-45X Trinocular Dissecting Zoom Stereo Microscope with Gooseneck LED Lights | Am Scope | SKU: SM-1TSX-L6W | |
| Zeba Desalting Columns | Thermofisher | 2161515 | |
| Endothelial Basal Media EBM Bullet kit | Lonza | CC-3124 | kit contains growth supplemets |
| VIA-100K | Boeckeler Instruments | ||
| 4-15% TGX gel | Bio-Rad | 5671081 | |
| MedSuMo software | Medit, Palaiseau, France | ||
| Laemmli Buffer | BioRad |
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