果蝇分子和免疫组化分析制备周围嗅组织的研制
Summary
在这里, 我们提出了一个阶段和解剖发展的嗅觉组织从果蝇物种的协议。解剖后的组织可用于分子分析, 如定量 rt-pcr (反向转录-聚合酶链反应) 或 RNA 测序 (RNAseq), 以及体内分析, 如免疫组化或原位杂交。
Abstract
果蝇嗅觉系统是发展神经生物学、神经系统神经系统学、神经生理学、行为学和行为进化等广泛应用的系统。果蝇嗅觉组织家的嗅觉受体神经元 (ORNs), 检测挥发性化学线索, 除了水力和热感官神经元。在本议定书中, 我们描述了发展成人果蝇周围嗅觉组织的解剖。我们首先描述如何分期和年龄果蝇幼虫, 其次是解剖的触角盘从早期蛹阶段, 其次是解剖的触角从中蛹阶段和成人。我们还展示了在分子技术中可以利用制剂的方法, 如 RNA 提取 qRT PCR、RNAseq 或免疫组化。这些方法也可以应用于其他果蝇物种后, 物种特定的蛹开发时间确定, 并为适当的老化计算各个阶段。
Introduction
果蝇嗅觉系统是发展神经生物学、神经系统神经系统学、神经生理学、行为研究和行为进化1、2、3的一种广泛应用的系统, 4。果蝇嗅觉组织家的嗅觉受体神经元 (ORNs), 检测挥发性化学线索除了水力和热感官神经元1,5,6。本手稿的总体目标是演示如何在果蝇物种中进行蛹和成人嗅觉组织的分期和解剖。这种技术的基本原理是从不同的蛹阶段生成样本, 用于对外围嗅觉系统进行分子和发展分析, 如 RNAseq 和定量 rt-pcr, 除了体内组织标记技术.这项技术对于识别发育中的成人嗅觉系统中非腹果蝇物种的转录剖面的动力学特别有用, 因为它没有所有的细胞类型特定的转基因试剂。标签和分析。在这篇手稿中, 我们演示如何解剖触角光盘和触角从蛹和成年果蝇物种。首先, 我们展示了如何识别果蝇0 h 的蛹壳形成 (APF, 白蛹或预蛹) 的发展分期和物种特定的衰老。接下来, 我们展示了如何解剖触角盘和第三触角段;具体来说, 如何将它们从眼盘和第二触角段中分离出来, 以 RNAseq 或 RT PCRs 所需的组织纯度。本协议中描述的D.触角的阶段大致对应于预阵列 (预蛹), 从触角盘 (8 h apf) 中选取前体, ORNs (40 h apf) 的终端分化开始, 以及成人天线。最后, 给出了用该方法分离成人触角的定量 rt-pcr 的例子, 并对体内免疫组化进行了研究。该方法可用于生成 RNA/DNA 分析样本和免疫组化技术, 用于开发不同果蝇物种的外周嗅觉组织。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
该协议是一个有用的资源, 实验室有兴趣确定的基因和转录程序在开发果蝇嗅觉组织, 以及对这些项目的比较分析果蝇物种。如果需要从不同发育阶段的系统级转录剖面作为未来研究的入门资料, 则特别有用。这里描述的协议演示了如何分期和隔离开发果蝇的嗅觉组织, 从从前阵列到末端分化的四个关键阶段从嗅觉系统开发中获取样本, 用于分子和免疫组织学研究。解剖果蝇</…
Divulgazioni
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
这项研究得到了国家科学基金会对 Pelin c 沃尔坎·武拉尔 (DEB-1457690) 的资助。
Materials
| 10X Phosphate-buffered Saline | Gibco | 70011-044 | Dilute to 1X in RNase free water |
| CO2 tank | Air Gas | CD R200 | |
| Two sharp forceps (Dumont #55) | Fine Science Tools | 11255-20 | |
| Trizol | Invitrogen | 15596-026 | RNA isolation solutions |
| Dissecting Microscope | |||
| Small bucket with ice | |||
| P20 and P200 micropipettes and tips | |||
| 1.7 mL Microfuge tubes | Purchase nuclease free for best results | ||
| 0.2 mL PCR tubes | |||
| Paraformaldehyde powder | Polysciences | 380 | |
| 10% Triton X-100 | Teknova | T1105 | Dilute to 0.2% v/v in 1X PBS |
| 2" petri dishes | |||
| 55mm filter paper | Whatman | 1001-055 | Wet with water and place in a petri dish to keep pupae moist |
| 25 C incubator | |||
| deionized H2O | Purchase nuclease free or treat with DEPC | ||
| Sylgard 184 Silicone Elastomer Kit | Dow Corning | to be used for making dissection pads from Terizaki plate covers. | |
| MicroWell Mini Trays with lids | Nunc | 438733 | Lids can be used to make silicone dissection pads |
| Rabbit anti-GFP antibody | MBL international corpor | PM005 | primary antibody |
| Mouse anti RAT CD2 | AbD seroTec | MCA154RHDL | primary antibody |
| ADL195 (anti lamin, mouse) | Dev studies hydoma ban | ADL195-s | primary antibody |
| Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) | invitrogen | A11008 | Secondary antibody |
| Cy3 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG | Jackson ImmunoResearch | 115-166-003 | Secondary antibody |
| Triton X-100, Protein Grade Detergent, 10% Solution, Sterile-Filtered | CALBIOCHEM | 648463 | detergent |
| Lab Rotator | Thermo scientific | Rotator | |
| Nuclease Free Water | Growcells.com | NUPW-0125 | Water |
| Light-Duty Tissue Wipers | VWR | 82003-822 | For cleaning dissection supplies |
| Superscript II | invitrogen | 18064014 | Reverse Transcriptase |
| QIAshredder (50) | RNA extraction | QIAGEN | 79654 |
| Oligo(dT)12-18 Primer | RT | life technologies | 18418012 |
| RNeasy MinElute Cleanup Kit (50) | RNA extraction | QIAGEN | 74204 |
| FASTSTART UNIV SG MASTER (5 ML)(500 RXN) | qPCR | Roche | 04913850001 |
| FASTSTART ESSENTIAL GREEN DNA MASTER | qPCR | Roche | 06402712001 |
| LIGHTCYCLER 480 – MULTIWELL PLATE 96 | qPCR | Roche | 04729692001 |
| NEBNext High-Fidelity 2X PCR Master Mix | qPCR | NEB | M0541S |
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