Summary

经皮插管腹股沟血管全内镜二尖瓣修复术

Published: May 26, 2023
doi:

Summary

该协议详细演示了如何使用基于经皮塞的血管闭合装置进行经皮腹股沟血管插管的全内窥镜二尖瓣手术 (EMS)。每个步骤都详细介绍了基本步骤和有用说明。

Abstract

内窥镜下二尖瓣手术(EMS)已成为专业心脏中心的标准护理,与传统的微创开胸方法相比,进一步减少了手术创伤。在微创手术 (MIS) 中,通过手术切除 建立体外循环 (CPB) 的腹股沟血管暴露可能导致伤口愈合障碍或血清肿形成。通过使用全经皮技术插入CPB插管并实施血管预闭合装置来避免腹股沟血管的手术暴露,有可能减少这些并发症并改善临床结果。在本文中,我们介绍了一种基于栓塞的新型真空闭合装置的利用,该装置具有可吸收的胶原栓,并且没有缝合材料用于闭合MIS中CPB的动脉通路。虽然该装置最初主要用于经导管主动脉瓣植入(TAVI)手术,但凭借其安全性和可行性,我们在此表明它可以用于CPB插管,因为它能够关闭最大25法国(Fr.)的动脉通路部位。该装置可能适用于显著减少MIS的腹股沟并发症并简化CPB的建立。在这里,我们描述了EMS的基本步骤,包括经皮腹股沟插管和使用血管闭合装置的脱节。

Introduction

治疗原发性退行性二尖瓣反流 (MR) 的金标准是手术二尖瓣 (MV) 修复。这种方法的有效性已在大型临床研究中得到证实,并具有确凿的长期数据1。由于MV修复的大量手术技术,例如环成形术或插入Gore-Tex新脊索科,几乎所有MV的病理都是可以治疗的。这包括复杂的情况,如Morbus Barlow与两个MV传单脱垂,具有经过验证的安全性和有效性以及长达20年的出色效果2。此外,在德国,大多数孤立的MV手术都是 通过 微创方法进行的,例如右前外侧小胸切开术3。此外,伴随的三尖瓣 (TV) 手术适用于微创通路,即使是以跳动的心脏方式45

手术切除进入腹股沟血管的传统上是实施体外循环 (CPB) 的常规程序。然而,这种方法继承了术后伤口愈合障碍或血清肿形成的一定风险6。经导管技术用于完全经皮插入套管以建立CPB的适应性已被描述7,8这可能会减少可能的腹股沟并发症。在内窥镜下二尖瓣手术(EMS)中已经使用的经皮血管闭合设备包括基于缝合的系统78。最近,一种基于胶原栓的血管闭合装置被引入经导管心脏瓣膜手术。这种大孔闭合装置可用于闭合多达 25 法国 (Fr.) 的动脉通路部位。该系统的安全性和有效性先前已在真实世界的经导管主动脉瓣植入 (TAVI) 患者队列9 中得到证实。MV或TV的微创手术(MIS)利用该系统闭合股动脉的第一个数据显示了关于术后腹股沟并发症的有希望的结果10

我们在此描述了全内窥镜二尖瓣手术的基本步骤,包括经皮腹股沟插管和使用新型血管闭合装置的脱节。全内镜方法与 MIS 非内镜技术的不同之处在于胸廓切口非常小 (3-5 cm)、避免肋骨扩张以及使用内窥镜观察心脏结构,而不能直接看到心脏。

该手术可用于患有明显心脏瓣膜反流或房室心脏瓣膜狭窄的患者,适合进行心脏手术。术前诊断包括经胸/经食管超声心动图和老年患者或有外周动脉疾病病史患者的胸部和髂血管计算机体层成像。

Protocol

本文描述的所有程序步骤均根据汉堡大学心脏和血管中心机构审查委员会的指南并在获得书面知情同意后执行。 1. 全内镜MIS MV修复 确保患者处于全身麻醉状态,仰卧位,用碘消毒剂擦洗,并披上无菌窗帘。 通过第四肋间隙沿乳周缘获得胸廓通路。 使用软组织牵开器实现肋间隙的扩张。 2.腹股沟血管经皮插管</…

Representative Results

在接受EMS并在我们中心使用这种新型血管闭合装置的初步患者队列中,记录了有希望的结果11。该队列包括35名患者,最常见的伴随疾病是动脉高血压(10/35,28.6%)和心房颤动(9/35,25.7%)。瓣膜衰竭机制包括原发性退行性MR(30/35,85.7%)、继发性功能性MR(3/35,8.6%)和心内膜炎(2/35,5.7%)。MV MIS MV的伴随手术包括三尖瓣修复术(6/35,17.1%),心房颤动消融术(AF)(6/35,17.1%…

Discussion

血管闭合装置在动脉CPB插管中的应用是一种经导管技术,有可能改善心脏手术的结果。近年来,该技术在心脏外科手术,特别是EMS瓣膜手术中的应用已被专业中心采用,以避免手术切除和腹股沟血管暴露。ProStar和ProGlide系统是最常用的设备712。在一系列300例接受MV MIS手术并应用ProStar设备进行动脉CPB插管的患者中,未观察到术后出血并发症。然而,在1…

Divulgazioni

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

不适用

Materials

30° camera head Aesculap Einstein Vision PV 632
3D-HD camera  Aesculap Einstein Vision PV 630
Annuloplasty ring  Edwards 93381
Aortic clamp Cardio Vision CV 195.10
Aterial Cannula Medtronic 96570-121
Femoral Cannula Metronic 96670-125
Full HD 3D Monitor Aesculap Einstein Vision PV 646
Giude wire Merit Medica 6678-71
Heart valve retractor set Cardio Vision CV 100.00
LED light source Aesculap Einstein Vision OP 950
Manta Teleflex Medical Inc. 2115
Neo chordae Serag Wiesner MCL14A
Soft Tissue Retractor Cardio Vision Cv100/80
Stative table arm for endoscopes Cardio Vision CV 281.73
Stative table arm for instruments Cardio Vision CV 281.72
Suture for fixing Loops Gore-Tex Suture 4N02

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Citazione di questo articolo
Schneeberger, Y., Schaefer, A., Reichenspurner, H., Conradi, L. Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels. J. Vis. Exp. (195), e64714, doi:10.3791/64714 (2023).

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