Summary

小鼠大肠传入结尾的体外功能研究

Published: January 21, 2015
doi:

Summary

This video demonstrates a protocol for conducting single-fiber electrophysiological recordings on an in vitro mouse colorectum-nerve preparation.

Abstract

详细此视频演示了使用鼠标结直肠神经制剂体外单纤维电生理记录协议。该方法允许公正的鉴定和个人结传入的功能特性。传播动作电位(APS),从一个或几个传入神经 ​​起源的细胞外记录( 即,单纤维)感受域(RFS)在结直肠从逗神经纤维束状制成。结直肠与任何骨盆(PN)或连接并打开纵向腰内脏(LSN)神经去除。该组织被放置在记录室中,钉扎平并灌注充氧的Krebs溶液。焦电刺激被用于定位大肠癌的传入神经末梢,它们由三个不同的机械刺激进一步测试(钝探测,粘膜划线和周向拉伸)到传入功能分类成五个mechanosensi略去类。结局回应没有这些机械的刺激被归类为机械不敏感的传入(MIA中)。两个机械敏感和MIA中可评估致敏( 即,增强的响应,减小阈值,和/或获取mechanosensitivity的)通过射频对化学品的局部暴露( 例如,炎性汤(IS),辣椒素,三磷酸腺苷(ATP))。我们描述的设备和结直肠神经录音准备,收获结直肠附加PN或LSN,在结直肠,单纤维从神经束记录射频识别的,和化学品的本地化应用的RF。此外,制备和应用的标准化机械刺激的挑战进行了讨论。

Introduction

疼痛和过敏症是患者的主要抱怨从功能性胃肠疾病,包括肠易激综合征(IBS),在没有明显的病理生物学原因或组织损伤中存在的痛苦。例如,IBS患者表现出过敏症,包括在正常的肠功能提高反应直肠球囊扩张和增加的敏感性,以及体细胞介超敏反应( 即,压痛到腹部的触诊)1。因为靶向结肠传入已被证明是有效的,以减轻疼痛和过敏症中IBS患者( 例如,局部麻醉药2,3-直肠内滴注;鸟苷酸环化酶-C的利那洛肽激动剂4-6的口服摄取),改进的理解结直肠传入神经神经支配是很重要的。

内脏传入,包括结肠传入,能够应对化学/营养和热模式( 7-9)的。然而,内脏传入响应于机械性刺激( 即,机械敏感传入神经 ​​)一直是最彻底的研究,因为机械性刺激( 例如,管腔腹胀,拉伸)是那些通常对感觉的,包括不适和疼痛10-16产生。此外,内脏也支配通过机械敏感传入神经 ​​(MIA中),通常被称为无声或睡眠伤害感受器17。在正常生理条件下,MIA中不回应机械性刺激或有非常高的反应阈值18,但可以成为积极的,并获得mechanosensitivity在病理情况下,有助于过敏。

使用体外准备和这里描述的协议,我们开发并采用电刺激策略,海 RCH为接受的结局,允许公正的鉴定两种机械敏感性和MIA的结局在结直肠19。大肠支配从腰内脏(LSN)和骨盆神经(PN)的途径获得,并且包括可以被分类成五个机械敏感类(浆膜,粘膜,肌肉,肌肉粘膜,肠系膜)和一个MIA类20大肠传入。使用这种在体外制备,我们发现,大肠癌MIA中取得mechanosensitivity(致敏)以下的感受域的短暂暴露于炎性汤(IS),这在LSN通路敏化在PN通路MIA中的71%和MIA中的23%的19。我们也记录MIA中的长期敏(28天)的长期行为内脏过敏的情况下( 在结肠内接受治疗与酵母多糖21或2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸小鼠(TNBS)22)

jove_content“>其中机械敏感性传入,肌肉发达,肌肉,黏膜传入是唯一的类tonically编码结直肠周向拉伸( 是拉伸敏感)和subserve性结直肠扩张23,24的编码,利用计算机控制力致动器,我们应用一个标准的,同质的,且可重复倾斜伸展的扁平大肠组织的圆周方向和进一步分类拉伸敏感传入神经 ​​作为低阈值和高阈值23,此外,拉伸的致敏的时间过程经过酵母多糖结肠内2122 TNBS治疗敏感的传入对应于起病,持续性,和/或行为内脏敏感性的恢复,提示舒展敏感结传入内脏疼痛和感觉过敏的作用。

Protocol

注:该协议是审查和批准匹兹堡机构动物护理和使用委员会的大学。 1.准备修改克雷布斯解决方案和测试药物的等分使6升的改良的Krebs溶液包含(以mM计):117.9氯化钠,氯化钾4.7,25的NaHCO 3,1.3的NaH 2 PO 4,1.2 MgSO 4干燥,2.5氯化钙2,11.1 D-葡萄糖,2-丁酸钠,乙酸钠20 ,0.004硝苯地平(阻止自发性肌肉收缩),以及0.003吲哚美辛?…

Representative Results

设置示于图1,它包括一个特制的组织腔,其容纳在硅氧烷衬里的浴室并在一个连续的矿物油填充室中的附神经结直肠。两室室从丙烯酸塑料由CNC机床的固体块加工;两个隔室的底部,随后衬有牢固的硅氧烷,以允许容易销的大肠癌组织中向下。从梳理神经束外的AP使用低噪声,电池供电的差分放大器具有高共模抑制比(CMRR〜60 dB为单位)被记录。放大器的增益被设定为x10,000和带过滤器…

Discussion

这里所描述的在体外结直肠神经制剂已被证明是一个有效的方法来研究各个结传入,它很好的补充了对内脏感觉神经元等非功能性的方法( 例如,细胞,分子和组织学研究)的神经编码功能(见综述27的详细信息)。促进伤害感受和长期结肠超敏反应神经机制已经揭示和药理操作已经执行了具有可以减轻内脏痛显示目标。成功实施本制剂的相关联的以下要点讨论如下:1)减?…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Supported by NIH award R01 DK093525 (GFG). We greatly appreciate the scientific review and grammatical editing of the manuscript by Dr. Amber Shaffer (University of Pittsburgh) and thank Michael Burcham for assistance in preparation of figures.

Materials

Name of Material/ Equipment Company Catalog Number Comments/Description
Leica MZ16 stereo microscope  Leica Microsystems Inc.
Leica IC D camera Leica Microsystems Inc.
Amplifier World Precision instruments, Inc. SYS-DAM80  Low-noise differential amplifier
Two-compartment tissue chamber Custom made
Power1401 Cambridge Electronic Design Limited Power1401 Data acquisition, analog signal input/out
Spike2 v5.02 Cambridge Electronic Design Limited Software package that works with the Power1401
Audio monitor Natus Am 8
Square pulse stimulator Natus S48 To deliver electrical stimuli
Photoelectric isolation unit Natus PSIU6 Stimulus isolation to reduce noise
Concentric bipolar microelectrode FHC Inc. CBFFG75 To deliver electrical stimuli
Dual-mode lever system Aurora Scientific Inc. Series 300C  To deliver mechanical stimuli
forceps Fine Science Tools 11252-00 forceps with fine tips

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Cite This Article
Feng, B., Gebhart, G. In vitro Functional Characterization of Mouse Colorectal Afferent Endings. J. Vis. Exp. (95), e52310, doi:10.3791/52310 (2015).

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