Summary

超声波增强原成人成纤维细胞隔离

Published: July 29, 2019
doi:

Summary

我们提出了一种方案,以简单、快速和可靠的方式分离主要成人成纤维细胞,由初学者(例如学生)执行。该程序结合酶组织消化和机械搅拌与超声波获得原成纤维细胞。该协议可以很容易地适应特定的实验要求(例如,人体组织)。

Abstract

原发性成人成纤维细胞已成为研究所有身体组织纤维化、成纤维细胞相互作用和炎症的重要工具。由于原纤维细胞不能由于肌纤维细胞分化或衰老诱导而无限期分裂,因此必须定期建立新的培养物。然而,在制定可靠的隔离协议和初级成纤维细胞隔离过程中,有几个障碍需要克服:该方法的难度程度(尤其是初学者),细菌污染的风险,所需时间,直到原纤维细胞可用于实验,以及随后的细胞质量和生存能力。在这项研究中,提供了一种快速、可靠和易于学习的协议,从小鼠心脏、肺、肝脏和肾脏中分离和培养原发性成人成纤维细胞,结合酶消化和超声波搅拌。

Introduction

纤维细胞是扁平的,主轴状细胞,具有多个硬质处理和广泛的粗糙内质视网膜1,2。平均成纤维细胞测量30-100μm,寿命为57~3天1,3。人类成纤维细胞的平均细胞周期持续时间范围为16-48小时,取决于培养条件4。有证据表明,培养的原纤维细胞的复制能力和功能质量与捐赠年龄呈负相关,这表明,如果可能的话,应优先考虑较年轻的捐赠者(动物或患者).

纤维细胞是大多数哺乳动物身体组织的主要细胞类型。尽管成纤维细胞无处不在,但成纤维细胞的分子识别仍然是一个挑战。在胚胎发育期间,纤维细胞从不同来源迁移到发育中的组织和器官8。因此,在成纤维细胞中可以找到过多的标记蛋白,而独特的标记蛋白,存在于每个成纤维细胞种群中,并且独有成纤维细胞,仍然缺失。因此,几个识别标记的表达模式通常用于识别成纤维细胞。其中最知名的标记物包括维他命素、人纤维细胞表面蛋白(hFSP)、迪斯科丁域受体2(DDR2)和α平滑肌活动素(αSMA)。

纤维细胞是主要的细胞外基质(ECM)产生细胞类型。因此,成纤维细胞维持有序的组织结构,并为邻近细胞1提供机械支持。ECM 合成和降解之间的平衡是一个调节良好的过程。转向合成标志着过度ECM沉积的开始,如果不终止,会导致纤维化。纤维化由肌纤维细胞介导,肌纤维细胞起源于经过分子和表型变化的活化成纤维细胞。肌纤维细胞的一个标志是增强ECM和细胞因子的分泌和有序排列的表达[SMA微丝9。

原纤维细胞一直是最近研究的焦点,重点是纤维化,组织炎症和成纤维细胞-癌症细胞相互作用10,11。然而,为了有效地研究成纤维细胞在健康和疾病的特性,有必要定期分离可行的原发成人成纤维细胞。有几种方法可以分离成纤维细胞12,13,14。成纤维细胞分离的三种主要方法是从组织块12、酶组织消化15和中空器官的酶灌注9、13、16中生长。生长的优点是温和的隔离过程,没有酶细胞降解。另一方面,生长外培养物通常需要较长的培养期,直到细胞可用于实验。常见的酶消化是快速的,但承担与其他细胞类型(例如,内皮细胞)或细菌在搅拌过程中的污染风险,这是机械溶解组织所必需的。此外,这些方法往往是复杂的,需要时间和技能来学习。

关于原成纤维细胞在研究中的重要性,仍然需要在快速性、简单性和可靠性方面优化现有的细胞隔离方法。这里提供了一种提供高质量细胞的新型超声波酶成纤维细胞分离方法。

Protocol

以下协议遵循德国德累斯顿理工大学的机构动物护理指南(文件号:T 2014/4)以及国际公认的动物护理指南(FELASA)17。图 1可视化细胞分离过程。 1. 准备设置、材料和介质 制备细胞培养基、PBS溶液、胶原酶混合库存溶液(在12 mL无菌超纯水中重组50mg冻胶酶混合物)和0.25%胰蛋白酶溶液。 将介质、PBS 和胰蛋白酶溶液预热至 37°C。</l…

Representative Results

证明了该方案从固体鼠组织中分离成人成纤维细胞的能力。获得了可行的成纤维细胞,可用于后续实验,如免疫荧光染色或增殖实验(图2D-F,图5A)。 成人成纤维细胞是扁平主轴状细胞,具有多个细胞过程,通常在单层12、18中生长。所得结果反映了这些形态特征,表明不?…

Discussion

与不朽的成纤维细胞系相比,原纤维细胞具有几个优点。它们可以以高质量和数量经济高效地隔离。此外,初级培养物提供了研究来自多个个体的细胞的可能性,从而提高了获得的结果的可靠性,并降低了仅仅研究细胞培养物的可能性。持续产生新的初级文化可以防止基因改变,这通常发生在反复传递21之后。此外,细胞衰老22,23或增加的肌纤维细胞分化在高<sup…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

我们感谢罗米·肯佩女士和安妮特·奥皮茨夫人提供专家技术支持。我们还感谢比约恩·宾诺格先生的 IT 支持。这项工作得到了Fürerkreis Dresdner Erz-Kreislauf-Tage e.V.的赠款支持,b) “哈比利特费德·弗劳恩”,卡尔·古斯塔夫·卡鲁斯·德累斯顿医学院,以及科尔塞·克鲁纳-福森斯科莱格(EKFK)医学院卡尔·古斯塔夫卡鲁斯德累斯顿我们感谢资金和支持。

Materials

0.25% Trypsin-EDTA Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA T4049-100ML
Antibiotics Gibco-Life Technologies, Carlsbad, USA Gibco LS15140148  Penicillin/ Streptomycin (10000 U/ml)
Cell culture hood Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA 51023608 HeraSafe KSP15
Cell culture incubator Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA 50049176 BBD 6220
Cell culture plates Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA depends on vessel 6-, 12-, 24-wells Nunclon surface
Cell culture suction VACUUBRAND GMBH + CO KG, Wertheim, Germany 20727400 BVC professional suction
Cell strainer (mesh) Corning, Tewksbury, USA 431750 40 µm Nylon
Centrifuge Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA 75007213 Megafuge 8R
Cordless pipetting controller Hirschmann, Eberstadt, Germany 9907200 Pipetus
Disposable pipette tips Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA depends on volume SafeSeal tips for pipettes (10 µl, 20 µl, 100 µl, 200 µl, 1000 µl)
Disposable plastic pipettes Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA depends on volume 5 ml, 10 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml
Disposable sterile scalpel Myco Medical, Cary, USA n.a. Techno cut
Dulbeccos Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA 41965-062 High glucose
Eppendorf tubes Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany  depends on volume 50 µl, 500 µl, 1.500µl, 2.000 µl
Fetal calf serum (FCS) Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA F2442-50ML
Collagenase blend Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA 5401020001 Liberase TL Research Grade
Petri dish 6 cm Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA P5481-500EA
Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA D8537-500ML 500 ml
Senescence detection kit Abcam, Cambridge, UK ab65351
Shaker/ Vortex IKA, Staufen im Breisgau, Germany n.a. MS2 Minishaker (subsequent model: Ident-Nr.: 0020016017)
Sterile plastic tubes Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA Falcon 352095 BD Falcon tubes (15 ml, 50 ml)
Ultrasonic water bath BANDELIN electronic GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany 312 Sonorex RK100H
Surgical scissors (atraumatic) Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany NR 82
Surgical scissors  Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany eq 1060.09
Surgical forceps Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany BD577

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Künzel, S. R., Schaeffer, C., Sekeres, K., Mehnert, C. S., Schacht Wall, S. M., Newe, M., Kämmerer, S., El-Armouche, A. Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation. J. Vis. Exp. (149), e59858, doi:10.3791/59858 (2019).

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