JoVE Journal
Behavior
Behavior
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Chapters
Summary
A novel cognitive paradigm is developed to elucidate behavioral and neural correlates of interference by to-be-ignored distractors versus interference by to-be-attended interruptors during a working memory task. In this manuscript, several variants of this paradigm are detailed, and data obtained with this paradigm in younger/older adult participants is reviewed.
Tags
Keywords: Working Memory Interference Distraction Interruption Top-down Attention Cognitive Paradigm EEG FMRI Aging Neuropsychiatric Conditions
PLAYLIST
An Introduction to the Human Body
Overview of Anatomy and Physiology
Structural Organization of the Human Body
Functions of Human Life
Requirements for Human Life
Homeostasis
Anatomical Terminology
Medical Imaging
The Chemical Level of Organization
Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
Chemical Bonds
Chemical Reactions
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
The Cellular Level of Organization
The Cell Membrane
The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles
The Nucleus and DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Cell Growth and Division
Cellular Differentiation
The Tissue Level of Organization
Types of Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue Supports and Protects
Muscle Tissue and Motion
Nervous Tissue Mediates Perception and Response
Tissue Injury and Aging
The Integumentary System
Layers of the Skin
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Research • BioengineeringThe Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression -
Research • Developmental BiologyGeneration and Culturing of Primary Human Keratinocytes from Adult Skin -
Research • Cancer ResearchA 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
Accessory Structures of the Skin
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Research • Developmental BiologyWhole-mount Confocal Microscopy for Adult Ear Skin: A Model System to Study Neuro-vascular Branching Morphogenesis and Immune Cell Distribution -
Research • ChemistryProfiling the Triacylglyceride Contents in Bat Integumentary Lipids by Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
Functions of the Integumentary System
Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System
Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System
The Functions of the Skeletal System
Bone Structure
Bone Formation and Development
Fractures: Bone Repair
Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue
Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal
System and Other Organ Systems
Axial Skeleton
The Skull
The Vertebral Column
The Thoracic Cage
Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton
The Appendicular Skeleton
The Pectoral Girdle
Bones of the Upper Limb
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Research • BehaviorEvent-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy -
Research • BioengineeringAn Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
The Pelvic Girdle and Pelvis
Bones of the Lower Limb
Development of the Appendicular Skeleton
Joints
Classification of Joints
Cartilaginous Joints
Synovial Joints
Types of Body Movements
Anatomy of Selected Synovial Joints
Development of Joints
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Research • MedicineIn Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur -
Research • Developmental BiologyA Mini-Invasive Internal Fixation Technique for Studying Immobilization-Induced Knee Flexion Contracture in Rats
Muscle Tissue
Overview of Muscle Tissues
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle Fiber Contraction and Relaxation
Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension
Types of Muscle Fibers
Exercise and Muscle Performance
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle
Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue
The Muscular System
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Research • BiologyProcedures for Rat in situ Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties -
Education • Physical Examinations IIINeck Exam -
Research • MedicineMethod to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle -
Education • Physical Examinations IIAbdominal Exam I: Inspection and Auscultation -
Research • NeuroscienceAn Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
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Education • NeuroscienceHistological Staining of Neural Tissue -
Research • MedicineUtilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System -
Education • Core: BiologyNeuron Structure -
Education • Core: BiologyWhat is a Nervous System? -
Education • Core: BiologyGlial Cells -
Education • Core: BiologyAction Potentials -
Education • Core: BiologyThe Synapse
Anatomy of the Nervous System
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Research • BiologyLineage Tracing and Clonal Analysis in Developing Cerebral Cortex Using Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM) -
Research • NeuroscienceAnalysis of Neural Crest Migration and Differentiation by Cross-species Transplantation -
Education • Core: BiologyThe Blood-brain Barrier -
Research • MedicineEvaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation in the Rat Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry -
Education • Physical Examinations IIICranial Nerves Exam I (I-VI) -
Education • Physical Examinations IIICranial Nerves Exam II (VII-XII)
The Somatic Nervous System
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Education • Physical Examinations IIISensory Exam -
Education • Core: BiologyGustation -
Education • Core: BiologyOlfaction -
Education • Core: BiologyHearing -
Research • NeuroscienceAn Injury Paradigm to Investigate Central Nervous System Repair in Drosophila -
Research • MedicineStructured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
The Autonomic Nervous System
The Neurological Exam
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Research • NeuroscienceGeneralized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease -
Research • BehaviorA Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions -
Research • NeuroscienceAbbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
The Endocrine System
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Education • Core: BiologyWhat is the Endocrine System? -
Education • Core: BiologyIntracellular Hormone Receptors -
Education • Core: BiologyHypothalamic-Pituitary Axis -
Education • Physical Examinations IIThyroid Exam -
Research • Developmental BiologyTwo-step Approach to Explore Early- and Late-stages of Organ Formation in the Avian Model: The Thymus and Parathyroid Glands Organogenesis Paradigm -
Research • Immunology and InfectionIsolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands -
Research • BiologyReproductive Techniques for Ovarian Monitoring and Control in Amphibians -
Research • Developmental BiologySingle-cell Transcriptomic Analyses of Mouse Pancreatic Endocrine Cells -
Research • Developmental BiologyMethods to Test Endocrine Disruption in Drosophila melanogaster
The Cardiovascular System: Blood
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Education • Lab Animal ResearchBlood Withdrawal I -
Education • Lab Animal ResearchBlood Withdrawal II -
Research • GeneticsCharacterizing Mutational Load and Clonal Composition of Human Blood -
Research • Immunology and InfectionMeasuring Granulocyte and Monocyte Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst Activity in Human Blood -
Education • Core: BiologyHormonal Regulation -
Research • Immunology and InfectionIn Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time -
Education • Core: BiologyMultiple Allele Traits
The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
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Education • Core: BiologyAnatomy of the Heart -
Education • Biomedical EngineeringAcquisition and Analysis of an ECG (electrocardiography) Signal -
Education • Core: BiologyThe Cardiac Cycle -
Research • BioengineeringPreclinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Assessment by Dual Voltage and Calcium Optical Mapping of Human Organotypic Cardiac Slices -
Research • BiologyRodent Working Heart Model for the Study of Myocardial Performance and Oxygen Consumption
The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation
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Education • Core: BiologyAnatomy of the Circulatory System -
Education • Core: BiologyBlood Flow -
Education • Analytical ChemistryCapillary Electrophoresis (CE) -
Education • Physical Examinations IBlood Pressure Measurement -
Research • MedicineNormothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism -
Research • Developmental BiologyIdentification Of Erythromyeloid Progenitors And Their Progeny In The Mouse Embryo By Flow Cytometry -
Research • BiologyMeasuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse
The Lymphatic and Immune System
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Education • Core: BiologyWhat is the Immune System? -
Education • Physical Examinations IILymph Node Exam -
Education • ImmunologyImmunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry: Tissue Imaging via Light Microscopy -
Research • Immunology and InfectionA Galleria mellonella Oral Administration Model to Study Commensal-Induced Innate Immune Responses -
Education • Core: BiologyCell-mediated Immune Responses -
Education • Core: BiologyHumoral Immune Responses -
Education • Core: BiologyCross-reactivity -
Education • Core: BiologyAllergic Reactions -
Education • Core: BiologyInflammation -
Education • Core: BiologyAffinity and Avidity -
Research • Immunology and InfectionBone Marrow Transplantation Platform to Investigate the Role of Dendritic Cells in Graft-versus-Host Disease -
Research • Cancer ResearchIsolation and Functional Assessment of Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells from Cell and Tissue Samples
The Respiratory System
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Research • BiologyElevated Plus Maze for Mice -
Education • Core: BiologyWhat is an Ecosystem? -
Education • Physical Examinations IINose, Sinuses, Oral Cavity and Pharynx Exam -
Education • Core: BiologyLung Capacity -
Education • Core: BiologyBreathing -
Education • Core: BiologyGas Exchange and Transport -
Education • Emergency Medicine and Critical CareBasic Life Support Part II: Airway/Breathing and Continued Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
The Digestive System
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Education • Core: BiologyWhat is Monogastric Digestion? -
Education • Core: BiologyNeural Regulation -
Education • Physical Examinations IIAbdominal Exam III: Palpation -
Education • Core: BiologyAnatomy of the Intestines -
Education • Core: BiologyAccessory Organs -
Education • Core: BiologyLipid Digestion -
Education • Core: BiologyProtein Digestion -
Education • Core: BiologyCarbohydrate Digestion
Metabolism and Nutrition
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Education • Core: BiologyWhat is Glycolysis? -
Research • MedicineA Fluorescence-based Assay for Characterization and Quantification of Lipid Droplet Formation in Human Intestinal Organoids -
Research • ChemistryEnzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine -
Education • Cell BiologyAn Introduction to Cell Metabolism -
Education • Core: BiologyPhosphorylation -
Education • Core: BiologyFirst Law of Thermodynamics -
Education • Core: BiologySecond Law of Thermodynamics -
Education • Core: BiologyDietary Connections
The Urinary System
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Education • Core: BiologyComparative Excretory Systems -
Education • Core: BiologyUrea Cycle -
Research • BiologyUse of the Ramsay Assay to Measure Fluid Secretion and Ion Flux Rates in the Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian Tubule -
Education • Core: BiologyKidney Structure -
Education • Core: BiologyFiltration and Urine Formation -
Education • Core: BiologyWhat Are Osmoregulation and Excretion? -
Education • Core: BiologyOsmoregulation in Fishes -
Education • Core: BiologyOsmoregulation in Insects
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
The Reproductive System
Development and Inheritance
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Education • Biology IDrosophila Development and Reproduction -
Education • Core: BiologyFertilization -
Education • Core: BiologyCleavage and Blastulation -
Education • Core: BiologyNeurulation -
Education • Biology IC. elegans Development and Reproduction -
Research • Developmental BiologyA Semi-high-throughput Imaging Method and Data Visualization Toolkit to Analyze C. elegans Embryonic Development -
Education • Core: BiologyGastrulation -
Education • Biology IIDevelopment of the Chick -
Research • MedicineThe 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo -
Research • Developmental BiologyVisualization of Cell Cycle Variations and Determination of Nucleation in Postnatal Cardiomyocytes -
Education • Core: BiologyParental Care -
Education • Core: BiologyChromosomal Theory of Inheritance -
Education • Lab BioGenetics of Organisms- Concept
