Summary

选择性化学腰椎交感神经切除术中灰色拉米关节的靶向性

Published: January 10, 2019
doi:

Summary

我们提出了一个选择性化学腰椎交感神经切除术 (cls) 的方案, 它只停用灰色的拉米沟通, 而不是交感神经的躯干。选择性 cls 可帮助实现治疗效果的血管扩张, 汗液减少, 疼痛缓解, 可与传统的 cls, 严重的并发症, 特别是输尿管损伤, 可以减少。

Abstract

化学腰椎交感神经切除术 (cls) 是一种常用的微创手术, 用于治疗包括下肢缺血性疾病、多汗症在内的疾病。通常练习将穿刺针尖放置在腰大肌前筋膜前, 并在交感神经干周围注射激活剂, 这就是传统的 cls。输尿管损伤虽然比较罕见, 但却是常规 cls 最常见的并发症, 可对患者造成严重伤害。我们发现, 在前筋膜后面注射灭活剂, 只针对灰拉米通病, 有助于在血管扩张、汗液减少和止痛方面达到治疗效果, 与传统的 cls 相当, 而且很严重。并发症在很大程度上得到了减少。我们将此过程定义为选择性 cls。在这里, 我们提出了一个选择性 cls 协议。精确的针道和准确的评估的传播造影剂是至关重要的, 以确保药物注射后的前筋膜的前筋膜的腰大肌肉。针尖大约是腰椎 x 线外侧视图中椎体分界线的三分之一。对比主要局限在针尖周围, 沿腰肌纤维向外和向下扩散。这样, 前筋膜为输尿管区提供了天然屏障, 而腰肌为腰神经根提供了天然屏障。本文有几个亮点, 包括 1) 选择性 cls 过程的详细描述, 2) 对实施选择性 cls 的解剖基础的解释, 3) 选择性 cls 和传统的 cls。

Introduction

化学腰椎交感神经切除术 (cls) 已被证明是一种有效的治疗缺血性疾病1,2,3,4, 5包括血栓闭塞症 (有时称为 buerger 病), 缺血性糖尿病足, 雷诺氏病, 足底多汗症6, 红血球痛7,8,9, 和生活网状 10.由于一些优点, 它取代了开放手术。它是微创和经济上有吸引力, 它不需要全身麻醉和住院, 它可以反复进行。然而, 精致的精度是至关重要的。例如, 在 cls 中使用盲技术11 报告了截瘫。通过放射线引导, 通过使用造影剂显示治疗区域, 极大地提高了手术的精度, 从而控制了穿刺针尖的准确位置以及穿刺路径和深度。然而, 即使有放射引导, 对邻近器官, 特别是输尿管器官的损害 12,13,14,15, 16, 1 71 81 9岁仍有报道。

它是通常练习定位针尖以外的前筋膜的腰主要肌肉和注射药物周围的交感神经树干8,12,13,14, 15,我们将其定义为传统的 cls。然而, 由于交感神经干和输尿管的位置都在前筋膜前面, 失活剂可能会扩散到输尿管, 造成损伤。在显示影像学图像12、131415的输尿管损伤报告中, 根据对比扩散情况, 药物被注射到前筋膜前。

根据我们以前执行 cls 程序的经验, 我们发现, 与针对交感神经主干相比, 瞄准灰色的 rami 通信器是非常有效和安全的。灰色 rami 通信是位于交感神经主干后面和在腰椎神经根前面的神经节后交感神经纤维, 沿着椎体的外侧边缘运行, 主要在腰大肌内。因此, 前筋膜为输尿管区提供了良好的屏障, 而腰肌为腰神经根提供了良好的屏障。我们将此过程定义为选择性 cls, 并在本协议中描述了选择性 cls 的技术细节。

Protocol

该议定书已得到当地医疗和道德委员会的批准。该程序持续约 15分钟, 每侧。 1. 适应症 确保患者有以下提示 cls: 血栓闭塞症 (buerger 病), 缺血性糖尿病足, 雷诺氏病, 足底多汗症, 红斑痛, 血栓形成, 幻肢疼痛, 或下角的生活网肌四肢。 2. 禁忌症 如果满足以下任何禁忌症, 则排除患者: 脊柱畸形、出血倾向、过程中涉及的区域中的任何感染?…

Representative Results

针尖应处于最佳区域, 如图 1所示。在选择性 cls 中, 对比度被注射在腰大肌的前筋膜后面, 针对的是灰色的拉米通道。图 2显示了选择性 cls (a) 和传统 cls (b) 中对比度分布的比较。 预期的临床效果是血管扩张 (用于治疗雷诺氏综合征、生活网状、血栓闭塞性血管炎、缺血性糖尿病足和…

Discussion

在这里, 我们将 cls 归类为常规或选择性 cls, 主要区别是针对交感神经主干与灰色的 rami 通信 (在前筋膜的前面注射苯酚与前筋膜后面的腰主要肌肉)。我们在年轻的女性网状子宫肌细胞患者、7、9例红血球和晚期动脉硬化闭塞症和高危合症患者中实施了选择性 cls,我们已经确认了它持久、有益的效果和安全性。

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Divulgaciones

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

这项工作由北京大学第三医院归国学者科研基金会 (g批号: 77434-01, long zhang) 和北京高等教育青年精英教师项目 (批准书: yetp0072, 王文辉) 资助。

Materials

0.9% Saline solution Chinese Dazhong Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. 8F84D7 10 mL ⅹ2
10-cm 9# puncture needle Peking University Third Hospital Not Applicable 7# for children
2% Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection solution Hubei Tiansheng Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. 20180434 5 mL ⅹ2
5% Phenol diluted in aqueous solution Peking University Third Hospital Not Applicable 10 mL
Angiography system (DSA) Philips FD20 have X-ray fluoroscopy function
Aseptic puncture kit Peking University Third Hospital Not Applicable 6 pieces of surgical towel, gauze, cotton balls, blood vessel forceps, etc.
Contrast media(iodixanol injection; 320) GE Healthcare 14160155 320 mg I/mL
Infrared frontal thermometer  OMRON health care (China) Co.,Ltd. MC-720
Iodophors skin disinfectants  Shanghai Likang Disinfectant Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. 20180404
Sterile surgical gloves Beijing Ruijing Latex products Co., Ltd.  2018070352
Syringes and needles 10 mL Shandong Weigao Group Medical Plolymer Co.,Ltd. 20180711 10 mL ⅹ2
Syringes and needles 5 mL Shandong Weigao Group Medical Plolymer Co.,Ltd. 20180721 5 mL ⅹ1

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Wang, W., Zhang, L., Dong, G., Zhao, J., Li, X. Targeting Gray Rami Communicantes in Selective Chemical Lumbar Sympathectomy. J. Vis. Exp. (143), e58894, doi:10.3791/58894 (2019).

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