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Summary
Abstract
Protocol
Discussion
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Acknowledgements
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Biology

बाल न्यूरोइमेजिंग प्रोटोकॉल, दिशानिर्देश और प्रक्रिया - एमआर इमेजिंग के बाल चलायें बनाना

Published: July 30, 2009
doi:
10.3791/1309
, , , , , , ,
1Department of Developmental Medicine,Children’s Hospital Boston, 2Department of Neuropsychology,University of Zurich, 3Graduate School of Education,Harvard, 4Harvard Medical School

Summary

मानव में संरचनात्मक और कार्यात्मक चुंबकीय अनुनाद इमेजिंग (fMRI) के उपयोग में वृद्धि के बावजूद, युवा बाल आबादी के अध्ययन के लिए एक चुनौती बनी हुई है. हम हाथ पर एक कदम दर कदम वीडियो चिकित्सकों और (च) युवा बच्चों में एमआरआई करने के लिए इच्छुक शोधकर्ताओं के लिए दिशा निर्देशों सहित प्रोटोकॉल मौजूद है.

Abstract

Within the last decade there has been an increase in the use of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of human perception, cognition and behavior 1, 2. Moreover, this non-invasive imaging method has grown into a tool for clinicians and researchers to explore typical and atypical brain development. Although advances in neuroimaging tools and techniques are apparent, (f)MRI in young pediatric populations remains relatively infrequent 2. Practical as well as technical challenges when imaging children present clinicians and research teams with a unique set of problems 3, 2. To name just a few, the child participants are challenged by a need for motivation, alertness and cooperation. Anxiety may be an additional factor to be addressed. Researchers or clinicians need to consider time constraints, movement restriction, scanner background noise and unfamiliarity with the MR scanner environment2,4-10. A progressive use of functional and structural neuroimaging in younger age groups, however, could further add to our understanding of brain development. As an example, several research groups are currently working towards early detection of developmental disorders, potentially even before children present associated behavioral characteristics e.g.11. Various strategies and techniques have been reported as a means to ensure comfort and cooperation of young children during neuroimaging sessions. Play therapy 12, behavioral approaches 13, 14,15, 16-18 and simulation 19, the use of mock scanner areas 20,21, basic relaxation 22 and a combination of these techniques 23 have all been shown to improve the participant’s compliance and thus MRI data quality. Even more importantly, these strategies have proven to increase the comfort of families and children involved 12. One of the main advances of such techniques for the clinical practice is the possibility of avoiding sedation or general anesthesia (GA) as a way to manage children’s compliance during MR imaging sessions 19,20. In the current video report, we present a pediatric neuroimaging protocol with guidelines and procedures that have proven to be successful to date in young children.

Protocol

हम एक पूर्ण न्यूरोइमेजिंग जाग उम्र के चार वर्षों के रूप में युवा के रूप में में बच्चों के साथ न्यूरोइमेजिंग सत्र के दौरान शोधकर्ताओं और चिकित्सकों गाइड इरादा प्रोटोकॉल में सामान्य प्रयोगात्मक परीक्…

Discussion

कार्यात्मक और संरचनात्मक मानव मस्तिष्क का अध्ययन करने के लिए एमआरआई के उद्भव atypical मस्तिष्क संरचना और कार्यों के रूप में के रूप में अच्छी तरह से ठेठ की जांच की संभावनाओं में मदद की है और इसलिए <su…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

हम बच्चों के अस्पताल के बोस्टन (CHB) में एमआरआई तकनीशियनों के लिए विशेष सराहना के साथ भाग लेने वाले बच्चों और परिवारों, सभी कर्मचारियों को धन्यवाद देता हूं, जिनके बिना हमारे अध्ययन का आयोजन नहीं किया जा सका. हम विशेष रूप से भाग लेने के लिए अर्नोल्ड Cyr के लिए आभारी हैं और हमारे वीडियो शूट के दौरान मदद और ऑपरेशन प्रबंधक पेट्रीसिया Devine CHB वॉल्थम. और एमआईटी Athinoula ए Martinos इमेजिंग सेंटर एमआर छवि अधिग्रहण और विश्लेषण में अनुभव साझा करने के लिए तकनीकी स्टाफ के अनुसंधान के लिए धन्यवाद.

इस शोध चार्ल्स एच. हूड फाउंडेशन, एक बच्चों के अस्पताल के बोस्टन पायलट अनुदान और स्विस नेशनल फाउंडेशन (एनएमआर) द्वारा वित्त पोषित किया गया था

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Tags

MR ImagingPediatric NeuroimagingFMRIBrain DevelopmentChild ParticipantsMotivationAlertnessCooperationAnxietyTime ConstraintsMovement RestrictionScanner Background NoiseMR Scanner EnvironmentDevelopmental DisordersEarly Detection
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Raschle, N. M., Lee, M., Buechler, R., Christodoulou, J. A., Chang, M., Vakil, M., Stering, P. L., Gaab, N. Making MR Imaging Child’s Play – Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure. J. Vis. Exp. (29), e1309, doi:10.3791/1309 (2009).
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