磷流式细胞仪与荧光细胞条形码用于单细胞信号分析和生物标志物发现
Summary
在这里, 提出了一种中-高通量分析在细胞级蛋白质磷酸化事件的协议。磷流式细胞术是表征信号畸变、识别和验证生物标志物、评估药效学的有力手段。
Abstract
异常细胞信号在肿瘤的发展和进展中起着重要的作用。大多数新颖的靶向疗法确实是针对蛋白质和蛋白质功能, 细胞信号畸变可能因此作为标志物, 以表明个性化的治疗方案。与 DNA 和 RNA 分析相反, 蛋白质活动的变化可以更有效地评估药物敏感性和耐药性的机制。磷流式细胞术是一种功能强大的技术, 用于测量细胞水平的蛋白质磷酸化事件, 这是区别于其他基于抗体的方法的一个重要特征。该方法允许同时分析多种信号蛋白。结合荧光细胞条形码, 在短时间内, 标准细胞仪硬件可以获得较大的中、高吞吐量数据集。磷流式细胞术在基础生物学研究和临床研究中都有应用, 包括信号分析、生物标志物发现和药效学评价。以慢性淋巴细胞白血病细胞为例, 为纯化外周血单个核细胞磷流分析提供了详细的实验协议。
Introduction
磷流式细胞仪用于分析单细胞分辨率下蛋白质磷酸化水平。该方法的总体目标是在特定条件下映射细胞信号模式。利用流式细胞仪的多参数容量, 可以同时在不同的非均匀细胞群 (如外周血) 中同时分析几种信号通路。这些特性比其他基于抗体的技术具有优势, 如免疫组化、酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)、蛋白质阵列和反相蛋白阵列 (RPPA)1。磷流式细胞术可与荧光细胞条形码 (FCB) 相结合, 这意味着单个细胞样本被标记为具有独特的荧光染料特征, 使它们可以混合在一起, 染色和分析为单个样品2。这降低了抗体的消耗, 提高了数据的鲁棒性, 通过组合控制和处理样本, 并提高了获取速度。组合 FCB 人口可以被分成较小的样本和染色多达35种不同的磷特定的抗体, 取决于数量的起始材料。因此, 大型分析实验可以使用标准的细胞仪硬件运行。磷流式细胞术应用于多例血液肿瘤患者样本中的特征信号通路, 包括慢性淋巴细胞白血病3、4、5、急性髓系白血病 (AML)6和非霍奇金淋巴瘤7。磷流式细胞术是一种有效的方法来表征信号畸变, 识别和验证生物标志物, 并评估药效学。
给出了磷流式细胞仪分析慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者标本的优化方案 (图 1A)。以基底信号特征、抗 IgM/B 细胞受体刺激和药物摄动为例。提供了一个 FCB 矩阵的详细描述。该协议可以很容易地适应其他悬浮细胞类型。
Protocol
根据所有捐助者的书面知情同意, 收到了血样。这项研究得到了挪威东南医学和健康研究伦理学区域委员会的批准, 并根据8赫尔辛基宣言进行了人体血液研究。 注:步骤1-3 应在无菌条件下进行组织培养罩。 1. 外周血单个核细胞 (PBMCs) 与慢血症患者血液样本的分离 注意: 人体血液应按照安全等级2的规定进行…
Representative Results
磷流式细胞术协议的主要步骤如图 1A所示。在所提出的例子中, 条形码试剂蓝在四稀释染色的慢性淋巴细胞白血病细胞。三维条形码可以通过组合三条形码染料进行, 如图 1B所示。然后, 每个条形码试剂与SSC (图 1C) 上的后续浇口 deconvoluted 单个样本。表 1列出了有关条形码试剂的详细信息…
Discussion
磷流式细胞术是测定单细胞蛋白质磷酸化水平的一种强有力的技术。由于该方法依赖于抗体的染色, 磷流式细胞术受抗体可用性的限制。此外, 为了获得可靠的结果, 所有抗体应在使用前滴定和验证。磷特定抗体的滴定详细的协议在别处被描述了12。在面板设计中, 考虑信噪比是至关重要的。在这个例子中, 所有的磷抗体被共轭到 Alexa 647。这种荧光通常提供低与高含量的磷蛋白</…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
这项工作是在谢蒂尔·保尔森 Taskén 教授实验室进行的, 并得到了挪威癌症协会和 Stiftelsen 克里斯蒂安·卡尔森捷成的支持。约翰. Landskron 和玛丽安客运被承认对手稿的批判性阅读。
Materials
| RPMI 1640 GlutaMAX | ThermoFisher Scientific | 61870-010 | Cell culture medium |
| Fetal bovine serum | ThermoFisher Scientific | 10270169 | Additive to cell culture medium |
| Sodium pyruvate | ThermoFisher Scientific | 11360-039 | Additive to cell culture medium |
| MEM non-essential amino acids | ThermoFisher Scientific | 11140-035 | Additive to cell culture medium |
| Lymphoprep | Alere Technologies AS | 1114547 | Density gradient medium |
| Anti-IgM | Southern Biotech | 2022-01 | For stimulation of the B cell receptor |
| BD Phosflow Fix Buffer I | BD | 557870 | Fixation buffer |
| BD Phosflow Perm Buffer III | BD | 558050 | Permeabilization buffer |
| Alexa Fluor 488 5-TFP | ThermoFisher Scientific | A30005 | Barcoding reagent |
| Pacific Blue Succinimidyl Ester | ThermoFisher Scientific | P10163 | Barcoding reagent |
| Pacific Orange Succinimidyl Ester, Triethylammonium Salt | ThermoFisher Scientific | P30253 | Barcoding reagent |
| Compensation beads | Defined by user | Correct species reactivity | |
| Falcon tubes | Defined by user | ||
| Eppendorf tubes | Defined by user | ||
| 96 well V-bottom plates | Defined by user | Compatible with the flow cytometer | |
| Centrifuges | Defined by user | For Eppendorf tubes, Falcon tubes and plates | |
| Water bath | Defined by user | Temperature regulated | |
| Flow cytometer | Defined by user | With High Throughput Sampler (HTS) | |
| Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
| Antigen | |||
| AKT (pS473) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 4075 | Clone: D9E Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Parente-Ribes et al., 2016, Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduce…, Haematologica, 101(2):e59-62 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 |
| ATF-2 (pT71) | Santa Cruz Biotechnology | sc-8398 | Clone: F-1 Reference: Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| BLNK (pY84) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558443 | Clone: J117-1278 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Parente-Ribes et al., 2016, Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduce…, Haematologica, 101(2):e59-62 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| Btk (pY223)/Itk (pY180) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 564846 | Clone: N35-86 Reference: Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| Btk (pY551) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558129 | Clone: 24a/BTK (Y551) Reference: Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 |
| Btk (pY551)/Itk (pY511) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558134 | Clone: 24a/BTK (Y551) Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Parente-Ribes et al., 2016, Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduce…, Haematologica, 101(2):e59-62 |
| CD3ζ (pY142) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558489 | Clone: K25-407.69 Reference: Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 |
| Histone H3 (pS10) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 9716 | Clone: D2C8 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 |
| IκBα | Cell Signaling Technologies | 5743 | Clone: L35A5 Reference: Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| LAT (pY171) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558518 | Clone: I58-1169 Reference: Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 |
| Lck (pY505) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558577 | Clone: 4/LCK-Y505 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 |
| MEK1 (pS298) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 560043 | Clone: J114-64 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 |
| NF-κB p65 (pS529) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558422 | Clone: K10-895.12.50 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| NF-κB p65 (pS536) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 4887 | Clone: 93H1 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 |
| p38 MAPK (pT180/Y182) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 4552 | Clone: 28B10 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| p44/42 MAPK (pT202/Y204) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 4375 | Clone: E10 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Parente-Ribes et al., 2016, Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduce…, Haematologica, 101(2):e59-62 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| p53 (pS15) | Cell Signaling Technologies | NN | Clone: 16G8 Reference: Irish et al., 2007, Flt3 Y591 duplication and Bcl-2 overexpression…, Blood, 109(6):2589-96 |
| p53 (pS20) | Cell Signaling Technologies | NN | Clone: Polyclonal Reference: Irish et al., 2007, Flt3 Y591 duplication and Bcl-2 overexpression…, Blood, 109(6):2589-96 |
| p53 (pS37) | Cell Signaling Technologies | NN | Clone: Polyclonal Reference: Irish et al., 2007, Flt3 Y591 duplication and Bcl-2 overexpression…, Blood, 109(6):2589-96 |
| p53 (pS46) | Cell Signaling Technologies | NN | Clone: Polyclonal Reference: Irish et al., 2007, Flt3 Y591 duplication and Bcl-2 overexpression…, Blood, 109(6):2589-96 |
| p53 (pS392) | Cell Signaling Technologies | NN | Clone: Polyclonal Reference: Irish et al., 2007, Flt3 Y591 duplication and Bcl-2 overexpression…, Blood, 109(6):2589-96 |
| PLCγ2 (pY759) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558498 | Clone: K86-689.37 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| Rb (pS807/pS811) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558590 | Clone: J112-906 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| S6-Ribos. Prot. (pS235/236) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 4851 | Clone: D57.2.2E Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 |
| SAPK/JNK (pT183/Y185) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 9257 | Clone: G9 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Pollheimer et al., 2013, Interleukin-33 drives a proinflammatory endothelial…, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33(2):e47-55 |
| SLP76 (pY128) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 558438 | Clone: J141-668.36.58 Reference: Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 |
| STAT1 (pY701) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 612597 | Clone: 4a Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| STAT3 (pY705) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 557815 | Clone: 4/P-STAT3 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 |
| STAT4 (pY693) | Zymed/ThermoFisher Scientific | 71-7900 | Clone: Polyclonal Reference: Uzel et al., 2001, Detection of intracellular phosphorylated STAT-4 by flow cytometry, Clin Immunol, 100(3): 270-6 |
| STAT5 (pY694) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 612599 | Clone: 47/Stat5(pY694) Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
| STAT6 (pY641) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 612601 | Clone: 18/P-Stat6 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 |
| SYK (pY525/Y526) | Cell Signaling Technologies | 12081 | Clone: C87C1 Reference: Myhrvold et al., 2018, Single cell profiling of phospho-protein levels in.., Oncotarget, 9(10):9273-9284 Parente-Ribes et al., 2016, Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors reduce…, Haematologica, 101(2):e59-62 |
| ZAP70/SYK (pY319/Y352) | Beckton Dickinson Pharmingen | 557817 | Clone: 17A/P-ZAP70 Reference: Skånland et al., 2014, T-cell co-stimulation through the CD2 and CD28…, Biochem J, 460(3):399-410 Kalland et al., 2012, Modulation of proximal signaling in normal and transformed…, Exp Cell Res, 318(14):1611-9 Myklebust et al., 2017, Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in…, Blood, 129(6): 759-770 |
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Cite This Article
Skånland, S. S. Phospho Flow Cytometry with Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Single Cell Signaling Analysis and Biomarker Discovery. J. Vis. Exp. (140), e58386, doi:10.3791/58386 (2018).